The instability of metal electrodeposition will form dendritic crystals on the electrode surface. In high energy density zinc–nickel single flow batteries, dendrite formation is closely related to battery capacity and safety issues. Therefore, it is particularly important to explore the growth mechanism of dendritic crystals on the Zinc anode surface for inhibiting the growth of dendritic crystal and extending the service life of the battery. In this paper, the phase field-lattice Boltzmann method (PF-LBM) was used to establish the two-dimensional growth model of zinc dendrite to simulate the evolution process of zinc dendrite morphology and the temporal and spatial distribution of ions and electrons, and the influences of electrolyte flow rate, applied current density and anisotropic strength on the dendrite morphology were analyzed. The simulation results show that the morphology of dendrite can be changed and the formation of dendrite can be reduced by adjusting the anisotropy intensity. A larger electrolyte flow rate can not only reduce the ion concentration gradient on the cathode surface, but also increase the ion diffusion rate, making the current density on the anode surface more uniform, which could reduce the formation of crystal nucleus and slow the growth rate of crystal. A higher current density would increase the surface current inhomogeneity and promote the growth of dendrites.

中文翻译：

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相场格玻尔兹曼法模拟锌镍单液电池中锌阳极的枝晶生长

金属电沉积的不稳定性将在电极表面形成树枝状晶体。在高能量密度的锌镍单液电池中，枝晶的形成与电池容量和安全问题密切相关。因此，特别重要的是探索锌阳极表面上的树枝状晶体的生长机理，以抑制树枝状晶体的生长并延长电池的使用寿命。本文采用相场格子玻尔兹曼法（PF-LBM）建立了锌枝晶的二维生长模型，以模拟锌枝晶的形貌演化过程以及离子和电子的时空分布，以及分析了电解液流速，外加电流密度和各向异性强度对枝晶形态的影响。仿真结果表明，通过改变各向异性强度可以改变枝晶的形貌，减少枝晶的形成。较大的电解液流速不仅可以降低阴极表面的离子浓度梯度，而且可以增加离子扩散速率，使阳极表面的电流密度更加均匀，这可以减少晶核的形成并减慢生长速率水晶。较高的电流密度会增加表面电流的不均匀性，并促进树枝状晶体的生长。但同时也增加了离子的扩散速度，使阳极表面的电流密度更加均匀，可以减少晶核的形成，减慢晶体的生长速度。较高的电流密度会增加表面电流的不均匀性，并促进树枝状晶体的生长。但同时也增加了离子的扩散速度，使阳极表面的电流密度更加均匀，可以减少晶核的形成，减慢晶体的生长速度。较高的电流密度会增加表面电流的不均匀性，并促进树枝状晶体的生长。