Sea ice concentration (SIC) in the eastern Arctic and snow cover extent (SCE) over central Eurasia in late autumn have been proposed as potential predictors of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Here, maximum covariance analysis is used to further investigate the links between autumn SIC in the Barents-Kara Seas (BK) and SCE over Eurasia (EUR) with winter sea level pressure (SLP) in the North Atlantic-European region over 1979-2019. As shown by previous studies, the most significant covariability mode of SIC/BK is found for November. Similarly, the covariability with SCE/EUR is only statistically significant for November, not for October. Changes in temperature, specific humidity, SIC/BK and SCE/EUR in November are associated with a circulation anomaly over the Ural-Siberian region that appears as a precursor of the winter NAO; where the advection of climatological temperature/humidity by the anomalous flow is related to SCE/EUR and SIC/BK anomalies.

北极东部的海冰浓度（SIC）和欧亚大陆中部的积雪范围（SCE）于深秋已被提议作为冬季北大西洋涛动（NAO）的潜在预报器。在这里，最大协方差分析用于进一步调查1979-2019年北大西洋-欧洲地区的巴伦支-卡拉海（BK）秋季SIC和欧亚大陆（EUR）上的SCE与冬季海平面压力（SLP）之间的联系。如先前的研究所示，SIC / BK的最显着协变模式是在11月。同样，与SCE / EUR的协方差仅在11月具有统计意义，而在10月则没有。11月温度，比湿度，SIC / BK和SCE / EUR的变化与乌拉尔-西伯利亚地区的环流异常有关，后者是冬季NAO的先兆。