We investigate the quantum dynamics of two defect centers in solids, which are coupled by vacuum-induced dipole–dipole interactions. When the interaction between defects and phonons is taken into account, the two coupled electron–phonon systems make up two equivalent multilevel atoms. By making Born–Markov and rotating wave approximations, we derive a master equation describing the dynamics of the coupled multilevel atoms. The results indicate the concepts of subradiant and superradiant states can be applied to these systems and the population transfer process presents different behaviors from those of the two dipolar-coupled two-level atoms due to the participation of phonons.

我们研究了固体中两个缺陷中心的量子动力学，这些中心通过真空诱导的偶极-偶极相互作用而耦合。当考虑到缺陷与声子之间的相互作用时，两个耦合的电子-声子系统组成了两个等效的多能级原子。通过使Born-Markov和旋转波近似，我们得出一个描述耦合多能级原子动力学的主方程。结果表明，亚辐射态和超辐射态的概念可以应用于这些系统，并且由于声子的参与，迁移过程呈现出与两个偶极耦合的两能级原子不同的行为。