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A systematic literature review on bad smells — 5 W's: which, when, what, who, where
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering ( IF 7.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 , DOI: 10.1109/tse.2018.2880977
Elder Vicente de Paulo Sobrinho , Andrea De Lucia , Marcelo de Almeida Maia

Bad smells are sub-optimal code structures that may represent problems needing attention. We conduct an extensive literature review on bad smells relying on a large body of knowledge from 1990 to 2017. We show that some smells are much more studied in the literature than others, and also that some of them are intrinsically inter-related (which). We give a perspective on how the research has been driven across time (when). In particular, while the interest in duplicated code emerged before the reference publications by Fowler and Beck and by Brown et al., other types of bad smells only started to be studied after these seminal publications, with an increasing trend in the last decade. We analyzed aims, findings, and respective experimental settings, and observed that the variability of these elements may be responsible for some apparently contradictory findings on bad smells (what). Moreover, we could observe that, in general, papers tend to study different types of smells at once. However, only a small percentage of those papers actually investigate possible relations between the respective smells (co-studies), i.e., each smell tends to be studied in isolation. Despite of a few relations between some types of bad smells have been investigated, there are other possible relations for further investigation. We also report that authors have different levels of interest in the subject, some of them publishing sporadically and others continuously (who). We observed that scientific connections are ruled by a large “small world” connected graph among researchers and several small disconnected graphs. We also found that the communities studying duplicated code and other types of bad smells are largely separated. Finally, we observed that some venues are more likely to disseminate knowledge on Duplicate Code (which often is listed as a conference topic on its own), while others have a more balanced distribution among other smells (where). Finally, we provide a discussion on future directions for bad smell research.

中文翻译:

关于难闻气味的系统文献综述 - 5 W:哪个、何时、什么、谁、在哪里

不良气味是次优代码结构,可能代表需要注意的问题。我们根据 1990 年至 2017 年的大量知识对难闻的气味进行了广泛的文献综述。我们表明,文献中对某些气味的研究比其他气味要多得多,而且其中一些气味本质上是相互关联的(哪些) . 我们对研究是如何跨越时间(何时)进行的。特别是,虽然在 Fowler 和 Beck 以及 Brown 等人的参考出版物之前就出现了对重复代码的兴趣,但在这些开创性的出版物之后才开始研究其他类型的难闻气味,并且在过去十年中呈上升趋势。我们分析了目标、发现和各自的实验设置,并观察到这些元素的可变性可能是导致一些关于难闻气味(什么)明显矛盾的发现的原因。此外,我们可以观察到,一般而言,论文倾向于同时研究不同类型的气味。然而,这些论文中只有一小部分真正研究了各个气味之间可能的关系(共同研究),即每种气味都倾向于单独研究。尽管已经调查了某些类型的难闻气味之间的一些关系,但还有其他可能的关系需要进一步调查。我们还报告说,作者对该主题有不同程度的兴趣,其中一些偶尔发表,而另一些则持续发表(谁)。我们观察到科学联系是由研究人员之间的一个大的“小世界”连接图和几个小的不连接图决定的。我们还发现,研究重复代码和其他类型不良气味的社区在很大程度上是分开的。最后,我们观察到一些场所更有可能传播关于重复代码的知识(通常被单独列为会议主题),而其他场所在其他气味(哪里)之间的分布更为均衡。最后,我们讨论了难闻气味研究的未来方向。而另一些则在其他气味(哪里)中的分布更为均衡。最后,我们讨论了难闻气味研究的未来方向。而另一些则在其他气味(哪里)中的分布更为均衡。最后,我们讨论了难闻气味研究的未来方向。
更新日期:2021-01-01
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