This paper proposes a distributed hierarchical control framework for energy storage systems (ESSs) in DC microgrid clusters, which achieves voltage regulation and current sharing for ESSs in each microgrid as well as the whole microgrid cluster. The primary control stage adopts a droop controller which only requires local information while the secondary control stage provides correction terms for ESSs within microgrids. The tertiary control stage samples the pinned ESSs in different microgrids with low sampling rate to provide the voltage setpoint, which ensures global current sharing among microgrid cluster. The corresponding multilayered event-triggered consensus algorithm for clusters is proposed to reduce the communication cost generated by operation of the distributed controller. Both the control framework and the consensus algorithm can be extended for satisfying higher dimensional regulation needs. The controller is validated in a DC microgrid cluster through simulation under different scenarios, and the results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.

中文翻译：

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基于分层事件触发共识算法的孤岛直流微电网集群建模与控制

本文提出了一种直流微电网集群储能系统（ESS）分布式分层控制框架，实现了每个微电网以及整个微电网集群中ESS的电压调节和均流。初级控制级采用下垂控制器，它只需要本地信息，而次级控制级为微电网内的 ESS 提供校正项。三级控制阶段以低采样率对不同微电网中的固定 ESS 进行采样，以提供电压设定值，从而确保微电网集群之间的全局电流共享。提出了相应的集群多层事件触发共识算法，以降低分布式控制器运行产生的通信成本。控制框架和共识算法都可以扩展以满足更高维度的监管需求。该控制器通过不同场景下的仿真在直流微电网集群中进行了验证，结果说明了所提出控制器的有效性。