Amphoteric water electrolysis with a bipolar membrane can accommodate optimal pH conditions simultaneously for both cathode and anode under steady-state operation without changing the overall thermodynamics of water splitting. However, the high voltage loss of bipolar membrane imposes significant constraints on operating current density, leading to low current density (<50 mA cm⁻²) for hydrogen production. In this work, decoupled amphoteric water electrolysis assisted with MnO₂/Mn²⁺ redox mediator demonstrated to separate the stiff couple between hydrogen and oxygen production into two independent processes, which enables hydrogen production to run under high power input (up to 1 A cm⁻²) with oxygen production under low power input. Furthermore, such an amphoteric decoupled water electrolysis system can be integrated with an Mn–Zn battery, which is able to realize flexible conversion from renewables to hydrogen and electric energy, thus making full use of renewables.

中文翻译：

---

解耦的两性水电解及其与Mn-Zn电池的集成，可灵活利用可再生能源

具有双极性膜的两性水电解可在稳态操作下同时为阴极和阳极提供最佳的pH条件，而不会改变水分解的整体热力学。然而，双极膜的高电压损失对工作电流密度施加了显着的约束，导致用于制氢的低电流密度（<50mA cm ^-2）。在这项工作中，经解耦的两性水电解与MnO ₂ / Mn ²⁺氧化还原介体辅助将氢气和氧气生产之间的刚性偶合分离为两个独立的过程，这使得氢气生产可以在高功率输入（最大1 A cm）下运行⁻²）在低功率输入下产生氧气。此外，这种两性解耦水电解系统可以与Mn-Zn电池集成，从而可以实现从可再生能源到氢和电能的灵活转换，从而充分利用可再生能源。