This chapter presents a quantum computing-based approach to study and harness neuronal correlates of mental activity for the development of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) systems. It introduces the notion of a logic of the mind, where neurophysiological data are encoded as logical expressions representing mental activity. Effective logical expressions are likely to be extensive, involving dozens of variables. Large expressions require considerable computational power to be processed. This is problematic for BCI applications because they require fast reaction times to execute sequences of commands. Quantum computers hold much promise in terms of processing speed for some problems, including those involving logical expressions. Hence, we propose to use quantum computers to process the logic of the mind. The chapter begins with an introduction to BCI and the electroencephalogram, which is the neurophysiological signal that is normally used in BCI. Then, it briefly discusses how the EEG corresponds to mental states, followed by an introduction to the logic of the mind. After that, there is an overview of quantum computing, focusing on the basics deemed necessary to understand how it processes logical expressions. An example of a BCI system is presented. In a nutshell, the system reads the EEG and builds logical expressions, which are sent to a quantum computer to solve them. In turn, the system converts the results into sounds by means of a bespoke synthesiser. Essentially, the BCI here is a musical instrument controlled by the mind of the player. Our BCI is a proof-of-concept aimed at demonstrating how quantum computing may support the development of sophisticated BCI systems. The remaining of the chapter is devoted to technical and practical considerations on the limitations of current quantum computing hardware technology and scalability of the system.

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关于将大脑与量子计算机连接：一种听取心灵逻辑的方法

本章介绍了一种基于量子计算的方法，用于研究和利用心理活动的神经元相关性来开发脑机接口（BCI）系统。它引入了心智逻辑的概念，其中神经生理数据被编码为代表心理活动的逻辑表达式。有效的逻辑表达式可能很广泛，涉及许多变量。大表达式需要相当大的计算能力才能处理。这对于BCI应用程序是有问题的，因为它们需要快速的响应时间来执行命令序列。量子计算机在处理某些问题（包括涉及逻辑表达式的问题）的速度方面具有广阔的前景。因此，我们建议使用量子计算机来处理心灵的逻辑。本章首先介绍BCI和脑电图，这是BCI中通常使用的神经生理信号。然后，它简要讨论了脑电图如何与精神状态相对应，然后介绍了心灵的逻辑。之后，对量子计算进行了概述，重点介绍了理解其如何处理逻辑表达式所必需的基础知识。给出了一个BCI系统的例子。简而言之，系统读取EEG并构建逻辑表达式，然后将其发送到量子计算机以对其进行求解。反过来，系统通过定制合成器将结果转换为声音。本质上，这里的BCI是一种由演奏者的思维控制的乐器。我们的BCI是概念验证，旨在证明量子计算如何支持复杂BCI系统的开发。本章的其余部分专门针对当前量子计算硬件技术的局限性和系统的可扩展性进行技术和实践考虑。