One of the central issues concerning the mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity in cuprates is the nature of the ubiquitous charge order and its implications to superconductivity. Here, we use scanning tunneling microscopy to investigate the evolution of charge order from the optimally doped to strongly overdoped ${\mathrm{Bi}}_2{\mathrm{Sr}}_2{\mathrm{CuO}}_{6+\delta }$ cuprates. We find that, with increasing hole concentration, the long-range checkerboard order gradually evolves into short-range glassy patterns consisting of diluted charge puddles. Each charge puddle has a unidirectional nematic internal structure and exhibits clear pair density modulations as revealed by the spatial variations of the superconducting coherence peak and gap depth. Both the charge puddles and the nematicity vanish completely in the strongly overdoped nonsuperconducting regime, when another type of short-range order with $\sqrt{2}\times \sqrt{2}$ periodicity emerges. These results shed important new light on the intricate interplay between the intertwined orders and the superconducting phase of cuprates.

中文翻译：

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掺杂Bi2Sr2CuO6 +δ中电荷和对密度调制的演化

铜酸盐中高温超导机理的核心问题之一是普遍存在的电荷序的性质及其对超导的影响。在这里，我们使用扫描隧道显微镜研究电荷顺序从最佳掺杂到强烈过量掺杂的演变${双}_2{r}_2{\mathrm{氧化铜}}_{6+\delta }$铜币。我们发现，随着空穴浓度的增加，远程棋盘格顺序逐渐演变成由稀释电荷坑组成的短距离玻璃状图案。每个电荷熔池具有单向向列内部结构，并显示出清晰的对密度调制，这由超导相干峰和间隙深度的空间变化所揭示。在另一种短距离有序的情况下，电荷坑和向列性在强烈超掺杂的非超导状态下完全消失。$\sqrt{2}\times \sqrt{2}$周期性出现。这些结果为错综复杂的订单与铜价的超导阶段之间复杂的相互作用提供了重要的新启示。