Gender equity theories of fertility broadly predict that the lowest fertility in high-income settings will be seen in women facing a ‘dual burden’ of both paid and unpaid labour responsibilities, but that fertility will increase when male partners share domestic labour. Here we provide a critique of some gender equity theories of fertility in demography, and restate the hypothesis in terms of complementarity between partners. Further, we suggest authors use an interdisciplinary approach, such as integrating perspectives from evolutionary theory and the ‘Traits-Desires-Intentions-Behaviour’ framework, to provide some consistency to this diverse literature. Building on this theoretical synthesis, we perform a systematic review of 95 pieces of analysis. This broadly supports the idea that fertility will be low where women face a dual burden, which is particularly evident among macro-level studies, micro-level analyses investigating progression to subsequent children, and studies which do not use gender role attitudes as an independent variable.

生育的性别平等理论广泛预测，在高收入环境中，女性面临着有偿和无偿劳动责任的“双重负担”，生育率最低，但当男性伴侣分担家务劳动时，生育率会增加。在这里，我们对人口学中生育率的一些性别平等理论进行了批判，并根据伴侣之间的互补性重申了这一假设。此外，我们建议作者使用跨学科的方法，例如整合进化论和“特质-欲望-意图-行为”框架的观点，为这些多样化的文献提供一些一致性。在此理论综合的基础上，我们对 95 条分析进行了系统回顾。这广泛支持这样一种观点，即在女性面临双重负担的情况下，生育率会很低，