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From ‘populist moment’ to authoritarian era: challenges, dangers, possibilities
The Journal of Peasant Studies ( IF 5.333 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 , DOI: 10.1080/03066150.2020.1802250
Marc Edelman

ABSTRACT This essay, inspired by the huge outpouring of research generated in and around the Emancipatory Rural Politics Initiative, reflects on the challenges of analysing authoritarian populism and particularly its rural expressions. The paper first examines key features of authoritarian populism and early populist movements in the Americas and Russia. Then it turns to ‘illiberal’ neoliberalism and the origins of neoliberalism under brutal dictatorial regimes in Indonesia and Chile. The paper scrutinizes the scepticism about populism in the work of prominent liberal and neoliberal media pundits and scholars. The affinities and tensions between different authoritarian populist rulers, the worrisome transnational linkages of their support bases and the massive flows of right-wing donor money between white supremacist and nationalist movements in different countries suggest the emergence of a fractious axis, not as consolidated as the fascist axis of the 1930s and 1940s, but a rising threat to democracy nonetheless. The paper considers the degeneration of progressive populisms, such as Venezuelan chavismo, and the problem of resorting to ‘automatic’ or ‘unconditional’ solidarities as a factor in the delegitimizing of left alternative voices. The last sections discuss emancipatory politics, the recent phenomenon of pandemic authoritarianism and the rising protest movements that constitute a possible opportunity for progressive forces.

中文翻译:

从“民粹主义时刻”到威权时代:挑战、危险、可能性

摘要 本文受到“解放农村政治倡议”内部和周围大量研究的启发,反思了分析威权民粹主义,尤其是其农村表达方式所面临的挑战。本文首先考察了威权民粹主义和美洲和俄罗斯早期民粹主义运动的主要特征。然后它转向“非自由”的新自由主义以及印度尼西亚和智利残暴独裁政权下新自由主义的起源。该论文审查了著名自由主义和新自由主义媒体专家和学者对民粹主义的怀疑。不同专制民粹主义统治者之间的亲缘关系和紧张关系,他们的支持基础令人担忧的跨国联系以及不同国家白人至上主义和民族主义运动之间右翼捐助资金的大量流动表明出现了一个不稳定的轴心,它不像 1930 年代和 1940 年代的法西斯轴心那样巩固,而是尽管如此,对民主的威胁越来越大。该论文认为,委内瑞拉查韦斯主义等进步民粹主义的退化,以及诉诸“自动”或“无条件”团结的问题是左翼替代声音合法化的一个因素。最后几节讨论了解放政治、最近流行的威权主义现象和不断上升的抗议运动,这些运动构成了进步力量可能的机会。不像 1930 年代和 1940 年代的法西斯轴心那样巩固,但对民主的威胁日益增加。该论文认为,委内瑞拉查韦斯主义等进步民粹主义的退化,以及诉诸“自动”或“无条件”团结的问题是左翼替代声音合法化的一个因素。最后几节讨论了解放政治、最近流行的威权主义现象和不断上升的抗议运动,这些运动构成了进步力量可能的机会。不像 1930 年代和 1940 年代的法西斯轴心那样巩固,但对民主的威胁日益增加。该论文认为,委内瑞拉查韦斯主义等进步民粹主义的退化,以及诉诸“自动”或“无条件”团结的问题是左翼替代声音合法化的一个因素。最后几节讨论了解放政治、最近流行的威权主义现象和不断上升的抗议运动,这些运动构成了进步力量可能的机会。
更新日期:2020-08-31
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