Abstract

We apply intersectional frameworks and use a nationally representative dataset to investigate patterns of differential access to social capital among six racial and gender groups. We define social capital as resources controlled by individuals’ social contacts. Individuals can mobilize those contacts to facilitate their actions. We characterize one’s access to social capital with three indicators: the average occupational prestige score of individuals’ social contacts (average), the highest occupation reached among individuals’ contacts (reach), and the number of positions accessed (network diversity). Concerning the average score of one’s social contacts, our findings support the double jeopardy approach, with a simple hierarchy of gender and race/ethnicity: all men have a higher average score than their women counterparts. However, although white men have the highest average score in their social contacts, black women have the highest reach and highest network diversity, net of effects from mediating controls. We discuss implications of our research for future studies of social capital, on the one hand, and intersectionality, especially as it relates to the notions of black male and Latino male vulnerability, on the other.

摘要

我们应用交叉框架，并使用具有全国代表性的数据集来调查六个种族和性别群体之间对社会资本的差异获取方式。我们将社会资本定义为受个人社会交往控制的资源。个人可以动员这些联系人来促进他们的行动。我们用三个指标来表征一个人获得社会资本的机会：个人社会交往的平均职业声望得分（平均），个人交往中达到的最高职业（影响范围）以及所获得的职位数量（网络多样性）。关于一个人的社会交往的平均分数，我们的发现支持双重危险方法，其性别和种族/民族的等级很简单：所有男性的平均分数都高于女性。然而，尽管白人男性在社交活动中的平均得分最高，但黑人女性拥有最高的覆盖面和最高的网络多样性，这不包括中介控制的影响。我们一方面讨论我们的研究对未来社会资本研究的意义，另一方面讨论交叉性，尤其是与黑人和拉丁裔男性脆弱性概念相关的交叉性。