ABSTRACT

Drought frequency is expected to increase in the coming decades due to climate change. Droughts are one of the most devastating natural disasters affecting food production, water resources and causing widespread human and animal mortalities. Sub-Saharan Africa is considered the most vulnerable region to climate change, due to low rainfall, long dry seasons and high levels of poverty. A systematic approach was used to search for published literature from 2008 to 2018 on the impacts of droughts on small-scale farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa from Ebscohost, Google Scholar and Web of Science internet search engines. To acquire relevant studies, the following keywords and Boolean operation combinations were used: GIS AND Remote Sensing OR drought OR small-scale farmers OR sub-Saharan Africa and only studies from 2008 to 2018 were selected. The impacts of droughts are far-reaching and affect the environment, societies and the economy of a country. There is limited reliable and comprehensive information on the impacts of droughts, which calls for research aimed at explaining the impacts of effect and how they can be predicted and mitigated. Improving drought preparedness and mitigation is an important precondition reducing the vulnerability of small-scale farmers and rural communities to the impacts of droughts.

摘要

由于气候变化，预计未来几十年干旱频率将增加。干旱是影响粮食生产、水资源并导致广泛的人类和动物死亡的最具破坏性的自然灾害之一。由于降雨量少、旱季长和贫困程度高，撒哈拉以南非洲被认为是气候变化最脆弱的地区。使用系统方法从 Ebscohost、Google Scholar 和 Web of Science 互联网搜索引擎搜索 2008 年至 2018 年有关干旱对撒哈拉以南非洲小农影响的已发表文献。为获取相关研究，使用以下关键词和布尔运算组合：GIS AND Remote Sensing OR 干旱 OR 小农 OR 撒哈拉以南非洲，仅选择 2008 年至 2018 年的研究。干旱的影响是深远的，影响着一个国家的环境、社会和经济。关于干旱影响的可靠和全面的信息有限，因此需要开展旨在解释影响的研究以及如何预测和减轻这些影响。改善干旱防备和减灾是降低小农和农村社区对干旱影响的脆弱性的重要前提。