Abstract

Because criminal behavior has many causes, it is reasonable to assume that some of those causal factors will interact. Interactions occur when the effect of one factor on an outcome depends in some way on the presence or absence of another factor. Although tests for interactions are common, there remains no formal typology of interaction models in criminology generally or biopsychosocial criminology specifically. Empirical studies often overlook some of the challenges of statistically testing for interactions. This review, thus, had three goals: (1) offer a typology of interactions that criminologists are likely to observe; (2) provide an example analysis testing for interactions; and (3) survey the key challenges that arise when empirically assessing interactions. We do so while reviewing research in biopsychosocial criminology, a perspective that has expanded in recent years and has frequently tested for interactions. Implications for theory and policy are discussed.

摘要

由于犯罪行为有许多原因，因此可以合理地假设其中一些原因因素会相互作用。当一个因素对结果的影响在某种程度上取决于另一个因素的存在与否时，就会发生相互作用。尽管对交互作用的测试很常见，但在犯罪学或特定的生物心理社会犯罪学中仍然没有正式的交互模型类型学。实证研究经常忽略对交互作用进行统计测试的一些挑战。因此，这项审查有三个目标：（1）提供犯罪学家可能观察到的相互作用类型学；(2) 提供交互分析测试示例；(3) 调查在经验评估相互作用时出现的关键挑战。我们在审查生物心理社会犯罪学研究时这样做，这种观点近年来得到了扩展，并经常测试互动。讨论了对理论和政策的影响。