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Perceived Inequality and Cross-National Homicide Rates
Justice Quarterly ( IF 3.985 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-14 , DOI: 10.1080/07418825.2020.1729392
Meghan L. Rogers 1 , William Alex Pridemore 2
Affiliation  

Abstract

Economic inequality is a persistent structural covariate of cross-national homicide rates. The most common criminological explanation is that perceived inequality creates frustration among individuals at the lower end of the income distribution, this frustration generates latent anger, and this anger occasionally results in violence. There are reasons to question the validity of this explanation. First, the theoretical reasoning of this population-level phenomenon is reductionist, relying on individual-level explanation. Second, perceived inequality is poorly operationalized by its most common measure, the Gini index, meaning this hypothesis is never actually directly tested. Third, the Gini index is strongly correlated with inequality’s main competing economic explanation, poverty. To address these limitations we used the World Values Survey and the International Social Survey Programme to obtain national-level measures of perceived inequality that are much more consistent with the proposed theoretical construct and weakly correlated with poverty. Controlling for a range of structural covariates we found no consistent evidence of an association between population-level perceived inequality and homicide rates.



中文翻译:

感知的不平等和跨国凶杀率

摘要

经济不平等是跨国杀人率的持续结构协变量。最常见的犯罪学解释是,感知到的不平等在收入分配较低端的个人中造成挫败感,这种挫败感会产生潜在的愤怒,而这种愤怒有时会导致暴力。有理由质疑这种解释的有效性。首先,这种人口层面现象的理论推理是还原论的,依赖于个体层面的解释。其次,感知到的不平等在其最常见的衡量标准——基尼指数(Gini index)上没有得到很好的实施,这意味着这个假设从未真正得到过直接的检验。第三,基尼指数与不平等的主要经济解释——贫困密切相关。为了解决这些限制,我们使用了世界价值观调查和国际社会调查计划来获得与所提出的理论结构更加一致并且与贫困相关性较弱的感知不平等的国家级衡量标准。控制一系列结构协变量,我们发现没有一致的证据表明人口水平的感知不平等与凶杀率之间存在关联。

更新日期:2020-03-14
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