Abstract

This study examines the relationship between the concentration of legal firearm dealers and firearm homicide in 27 states. Using data collected from the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) and the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS), multilevel negative binomial models are used to estimate homicides perpetrated with a firearm. We assess separate models for White and Black victims across three homicide types. The results demonstrate that a greater concentration of firearm dealers in surrounding counties increases the risk for firearm homicide with White victims. However, a greater concentration of firearm dealers within counties increases the risk for intimate partner homicide when the victim is Black. Stronger gun laws decrease the risk of total and gang/drug-related gun homicide with White victims, and decrease intimate partner homicides across racial groups. The results suggest the need for policy and intervention strategies that account for diverse community and gun market dynamics.

摘要

本研究调查了 27 个州的合法枪支经销商集中度与枪支凶杀案之间的关系。使用从酒精、烟草、枪支和爆炸物管理局 (ATF) 和国家暴力死亡报告系统 (NVDRS) 收集的数据，使用多级负二项式模型来估计使用枪支实施的凶杀案。我们评估了三种凶杀类型中白人和黑人受害者的不同模型。结果表明，周边县的枪支经销商越集中，白人受害者发生枪支凶杀案的风险越大。然而，更集中的枪支经销商当受害者是黑人时，县会增加亲密伴侣被杀的风险。更严格的枪支法律降低了白人受害者发生的全部和帮派/毒品相关的枪支凶杀案的风险，并减少了跨种族群体的亲密伴侣凶杀案。结果表明，需要制定能够应对不同社区和枪支市场动态的政策和干预策略。