ABSTRACT In this paper, I examine two contemporary models of sport, the Martial/Commercial (MC) Model and the Aesthetic/Recreational (AR) Model, from the perspective of Stoic philosophy. Drawing on the writings of Marcus Aurelius, Epictetus, and Seneca, much is found to praise in the AR model, though, ultimately, the AR emphasis on pleasure over virtue as an outcome is criticized. Stoic philosophy proves much more critical of the MC model, finding its emphasis on winning over everything, fame, and wealth critically flawed. The paper ends with a brief sketch of a Stoic approach to sport.

中文翻译：

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对当代体育的坚忍批评

摘要在本文中，我从斯多葛哲学的角度考察了两种当代体育运动模型，即武术/商业（MC）模型和审美/娱乐（AR）模型。借鉴了Marcus Aurelius，Epictetus和Seneca的著作，在AR模型中发现了很多值得赞扬的东西，尽管最终，AR强调了享乐胜于美德，因此受到批评。斯多葛哲学证明了对MC模式的批评，发现它强调赢得一切存在严重缺陷的东西，名声和财富。本文以Stoic运动方法的简要草图结尾。