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An inquiry into the digitisation of border and migration management: performativity, contestation and heterogeneous engineering
Third World Quarterly ( IF 2.255 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1080/01436597.2020.1807929
Georgios Glouftsios 1 , Stephan Scheel 2
Affiliation  

Abstract

This article is concerned with the digitisation of border security and migration management. Illustrated through an encounter between a migrant and the Visa Information System (VIS) – one of the largest migration-related biometric databases worldwide – the article’s first part outlines three implications of digitisation. We argue that the VIS assembles a set of previously unconnected state authorities into a group of end users who enact border security and migration management through the gathering, processing and sharing of data; facilitates the practice of traceability, understood as a rationality of mobility control; and has restrictive effects on migrants’ capacity to manoeuvre and resist control. Given these implications, the article’s second part introduces three analytical sensitivities that help to avoid some analytical traps when studying digitisation processes. These sensitivities take their cue from insights and concepts in science and technology studies (STS), specifically material semiotics/ANT approaches. They concern, firstly, the ways that data-based security practices perform the identities of the individuals that they target; secondly, the need to consider possible practices of subversion by migrants to avoid control-biased analyses; and finally, the challenge to study the design and development of border security technologies without falling into either technological or socio-political determinism.



中文翻译:

边境和移民管理数字化的研究:性能,竞争和异构工程

摘要

本文关注边界安全和迁移管理的数字化。本文通过第一部分概述了移民与签证信息系统(VIS)之间的相遇。签证信息系统是全球最大的移民相关生物识别数据库之一,概述了数字化的三个含义。我们认为,VIS将一组以前未连接的州政府机构组合成一组最终用户,这些最终用户通过收集,处理和共享数据来实施边境安全和移民管理。促进可追溯性的实践,可追溯性被理解为流动性控制的合理性;并限制了移民的机动和抵抗控制能力。鉴于这些影响,本文的第二部分介绍了三种分析灵敏度,有助于在研究数字化过程时避免一些分析陷阱。这些敏感性源于科学和技术研究(STS)的见解和概念,特别是物质符号学/ ANT方法。他们首先关注的是基于数据的安全实践如何实现其所针对的个人的身份。其次,有必要考虑移民可能采取的颠覆行为,以避免有偏见的分析;最后,在不落入技术或社会政治决定论的情况下研究边界安全技术的设计和开发所面临的挑战。特别是物质符号学/ ANT方法。他们首先关注的是基于数据的安全实践如何实现其所针对的个人的身份。其次,有必要考虑移民可能采取的颠覆行为,以免因偏见引起分析。最后,在不落入技术或社会政治决定论的情况下研究边界安全技术的设计和开发所面临的挑战。特别是物质符号学/ ANT方法。他们首先关注的是基于数据的安全实践如何实现其所针对的个人的身份。其次,有必要考虑移民可能采取的颠覆行为,以避免有偏见的分析;最后,在不落入技术或社会政治决定论的情况下研究边界安全技术的设计和开发所面临的挑战。

更新日期:2020-09-01
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