Electronics with skin- or tissue-like mechanical properties, including low stiffness and high stretchability, can be used to create intelligent technologies for application in areas such as health monitoring and human–machine interactions. Stretchable transistors that provide signal-processing and computational functions will be central to the development of this technology. Here, we review the development of stretchable transistors and functional circuits, examining progress in terms of materials and device engineering. We consider the three established approaches for creating stretchable transistors: buckling engineering, stiffness engineering and intrinsic-stretchability engineering. We also explore the current capabilities of stretchable transistors and circuits in human-integrated electronics and consider the challenges involved in delivering advanced applications.

具有类似皮肤或组织机械性能（包括低刚度和高拉伸性）的电子产品可用于创建智能技术，用于健康监测和人机交互等领域。提供信号处理和计算功能的可拉伸晶体管将是这项技术发展的核心。在这里，我们回顾了可拉伸晶体管和功能电路的发展，并检查了材料和器件工程方面的进展。我们考虑了三种用于创建可拉伸晶体管的既定方法：屈曲工程，刚度工程和内在可拉伸性工程。