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Mapping and evaluating kinematics and stress/strain field at active faults and fissures: a comparison between field and drone data at NE Rift, Mt Etna (Italy)
Solid Earth ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 , DOI: 10.5194/se-2020-211
Alessandro Tibaldi , Noemi Corti , Emanuela De Beni , Fabio Luca Bonali , Susanna Falsaperla , Horst Langer , Marco Neri , Massimo Cantarero , Danilo Reitano , Luca Fallati

Abstract. We collected drone data to quantify the kinematics at extensional fractures and normal faults, integrated this information with seismological data to reconstruct the stress field, and critically compared the results with previous fieldwork to assess the best practice. As key site, we analysed a sector of the North-East Rift of Mt Etna, an area affected by continuous ground deformation linked to gravity sliding of the volcano's eastern flank and dyke injection. The studied sector is characterized also by the existence of eruptive craters and fissures and lava flows. This work shows that this rift segment is affected by a series of NE-striking, parallel extensional fractures characterized by an opening mode along an average N105.7° vector. Normal faults strike parallel to the extensional fractures, although they tend to bend slightly when crossing topographic highs corresponding to pyroclastic cones. The extensional strain obtained by cumulating the net offset at extensional fractures with the fault heave gives a stretching ratio of 1.003 in the northeastern part of the study area and 1.005 in the southwestern part. Given a maximum age of 1614 yr AD for the offset lavas, we obtained an extension rate of 1.9 cm/yr for the last 406 yr. The stress field is characterised by a σHmin trending NW-SE. Results indicate that Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry applied to drone surveys allows to collect large amounts of data with a resolution of 2–3 cm, a detail comparable to field surveys. In the same amount of time, drone survey can allow to collect more data than classical fieldwork, especially in logistically difficult rough terrains.

中文翻译:

绘制和评估活动断层和裂隙的运动学和应力/应变场:意大利埃特纳火山NE Rift的场和无人机数据之间的比较

摘要。我们收集了无人驾驶飞机的数据以量化伸展性骨折和正常断层的运动学,将这些信息与地震数据整合在一起以重建应力场,并将结果与​​以前的野外工作进行严格比较以评估最佳实践。作为关键点,我们分析了埃特纳火山东北裂谷的一个区域,该区域受连续地面变形影响,该变形与火山东翼的重力滑动和堤坝的注入有关。所研究的区域的特征还在于火山口,裂缝和熔岩流的爆发。这项工作表明,该裂谷段受到一系列NE冲击,平行伸展的裂缝的影响,这些裂缝的特征是沿着平均N105.7°向量的开放模式。正常断层平行于伸展性断裂,尽管它们越过与火山碎屑锥体相对应的地形高点时往往会略微弯曲。通过用断层隆起累计伸展断裂处的净偏移量而获得的伸展应变在研究区的东北部为1.003,在西南部为1.005。给定偏移熔岩的最大年龄为1614年,在过去406年中,我们获得了1.9厘米/年的延伸率。应力场的特征是σ 最后406年为9厘米/年。应力场的特征是σ 最后406年为9厘米/年。应力场的特征是σHmin趋势NW-SE。结果表明,应用于无人机勘测的动态结构摄影测量法可以收集分辨率为2-3 cm的大量数据,其细节可与现场勘测相媲美。在相同的时间内,无人机调查可以收集比传统实地调查更多的数据,尤其是在后勤困难的崎terrain地形中。
更新日期:2021-01-12
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