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Complementary Roles of Wood-Inhabiting Fungi and Bacteria Facilitate Deadwood Decomposition
mSystems ( IF 6.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 , DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01078-20
Vojtěch Tláskal 1, 2 , Vendula Brabcová 1 , Tomáš Větrovský 1 , Mayuko Jomura 3 , Rubén López-Mondéjar 1 , Lummy Maria Oliveira Monteiro 4 , João Pedro Saraiva 4 , Zander Rainier Human 1 , Tomáš Cajthaml 1 , Ulisses Nunes da Rocha 4 , Petr Baldrian 1
Affiliation  

Forests accumulate and store large amounts of carbon (C), and a substantial fraction of this stock is contained in deadwood. This transient pool is subject to decomposition by deadwood-associated organisms, and in this process it contributes to CO2 emissions. Although fungi and bacteria are known to colonize deadwood, little is known about the microbial processes that mediate carbon and nitrogen (N) cycling in deadwood. In this study, using a combination of metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and nutrient flux measurements, we demonstrate that the decomposition of deadwood reflects the complementary roles played by fungi and bacteria. Fungi were found to dominate the decomposition of deadwood and particularly its recalcitrant fractions, while several bacterial taxa participate in N accumulation in deadwood through N fixation, being dependent on fungal activity with respect to deadwood colonization and C supply. Conversely, bacterial N fixation helps to decrease the constraints of deadwood decomposition for fungi. Both the CO2 efflux and N accumulation that are a result of a joint action of deadwood bacteria and fungi may be significant for nutrient cycling at ecosystem levels. Especially in boreal forests with low N stocks, deadwood retention may help to improve the nutritional status and fertility of soils.

中文翻译:

木材真菌和细菌的辅助作用促进枯木分解

森林会积聚并存储大量的碳(C),而这种碳的很大一部分都包含在枯木中。该瞬态池易与沉材相关的生物分解,在此过程中会产生CO 2排放。尽管已知真菌和细菌会在枯木中定居,但对于介导枯木中碳和氮(N)循环的微生物过程知之甚少。在这项研究中,结合使用宏基因组学,超转录组学和营养通量测量,我们证明了枯木的分解反映了真菌和细菌的互补作用。发现真菌主导了枯木的分解,尤其是其顽固级分的分解,而几种细菌类群通过固氮作用参与了枯木中氮的积累,这取决于真菌在枯木定殖和碳供应方面的活动。相反,细菌固氮有助于减少真菌分解沉木的限制。既CO 2枯木细菌和真菌共同作用的结果是外排和氮积累对于生态系统水平的养分循环可能很重要。尤其是在氮含量低的北方森林中,枯木的保留可能有助于改善土壤的营养状况和肥力。
更新日期:2021-01-12
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