Episodic memory depends on the computational process of pattern separation in order to establish distinct memory representations of similar episodes. Studies of pattern separation in humans rely on mnemonic discrimination tasks, which have been shown to tax hippocampal‐dependent pattern separation. Although previous neuroimaging research has focused on hippocampal processing, little is known about how other brain regions, known to be involved in recognition memory performance, are involved in mnemonic discrimination tasks. Conversely, neuroimaging studies of pattern separation with whole‐brain coverage lack spatial resolution to localize activation to hippocampal subfields. In this study, 48 healthy young adult participants underwent whole‐brain high‐resolution functional MRI (fMRI) scanning while completing a mnemonic discrimination task. A priori region‐of‐interest analyses revealed activation patterns consistent with pattern separation in distinct hippocampal subregions, particularly in the subiculum. Connectivity analyses revealed a network of cortical regions consistent with the memory retrieval network where fMRI activation was correlated with hippocampal activation. An exploratory whole‐brain analysis revealed widespread activation differentially associated with performance of the mnemonic discrimination task. Taken together, these results suggest that a network of brain regions contribute to mnemonic discrimination performance, with the hippocampus and parahippocampal cortex as a hub in the network displaying clear signals consistent with pattern separation and regions such as the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex particularly important for successful lure discrimination.

中文翻译：

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海马以外的模式分离：健康成人记忆辨别的高分辨率全脑调查

情节记忆依赖于模式分离的计算过程，以便建立相似情节的不同记忆表示。人类模式分离的研究依赖于记忆识别任务，这已被证明会对海马依赖的模式分离征税。尽管之前的神经影像学研究主要集中在海马处理，但对于其他已知参与识别记忆表现的大脑区域如何参与记忆识别任务知之甚少。相反，全脑覆盖模式分离的神经影像学研究缺乏将激活定位到海马亚区的空间分辨率。在这项研究中，48 名健康的年轻成年参与者在完成记忆识别任务的同时接受了全脑高分辨率功能 MRI (fMRI) 扫描。先验的感兴趣区域分析揭示了与不同海马亚区的模式分离一致的激活模式，特别是在下托中。连通性分析揭示了一个与记忆检索网络一致的皮质区域网络，其中 fMRI 激活与海马激活相关。一项探索性的全脑分析揭示了广泛的激活与记忆辨别任务的表现不同。总之，这些结果表明，大脑区域网络有助于记忆辨别能力，海马和海马旁皮层作为网络中的枢纽，显示出与模式分离一致的清晰信号，而背内侧前额叶皮层等区域对成功尤其重要引诱歧视。