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Australian sperm whales from different whaling stocks belong to the same population
Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 , DOI: 10.1002/aqc.3494
Joanna Day 1, 2, 3 , David Power 3, 4 , Rosemary Gales 5 , John Bannister 6 , Maxine P. Piggott 3 , Kerstin Bilgmann 1, 3 , Robert Harcourt 3 , Luciano B. Beheregaray 1 , Luciana M. Möller 1, 7
Affiliation  

  1. Understanding the factors driving population structure in marine mammals is needed to evaluate the impacts of previous exploitation, current anthropogenic threats, conservation status, and success of population recovery efforts.
  2. Sperm whales are characterized by a worldwide distribution, low genetic diversity, complex patterns of social and genetic structure that differ significantly within and between ocean basins, and a long history of being commercially whaled. In Australia, sperm whales from the (International Whaling Commission assigned) southern hemisphere ‘Division 5’ stock were very heavily exploited by whaling.
  3. The present study assessed the potential effects of whaling on the genetic diversity of sperm whales in Australia and the population genetic structure of these whales within a global context. A combination of historical and contemporary sperm whale samples (n = 157) were analysed across six regions, from south-eastern Australia (‘Division 6’ stock in the Pacific Ocean) to south-western Australia (‘Division 5’ stock in the Indian Ocean).
  4. Sperm whales sampled from the ‘Division 5’ and ‘Division 6’ stocks belong to the same population based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analyses. Four novel sperm whale mtDNA haplotypes were identified in animals from Australian waters. Levels of genetic diversity were low in Australian sperm whales but were similar to those previously reported for populations in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.
  5. Given the genetic distinctiveness of sperm whales in Australian waters from other regions in the Pacific and Indian Oceans, and the lack of recovery in population numbers, further scientific studies are needed to increase our understanding of population dynamics and the effectiveness of threat management strategies in this species.


中文翻译:

来自不同捕鲸种群的澳大利亚抹香鲸属于同一种群

  1. 需要了解驱动海洋哺乳动物种群结构的因素,以评估先前开发的影响、当前的人为威胁、保护状况以及种群恢复工作的成功。
  2. 抹香鲸的特点是全球分布、低遗传多样性、复杂的社会和遗传结构模式,在海洋盆地内部和海洋盆地之间存在显着差异,以及商业捕鲸的悠久历史。在澳大利亚,来自(国际捕鲸委员会指派的)南半球“第 5 区”种群的抹香鲸受到捕鲸活动的严重剥削。
  3. 本研究评估了捕鲸对澳大利亚抹香鲸遗传多样性的潜在影响,以及全球范围内这些鲸鱼的种群遗传结构。对六个地区的历史和当代抹香鲸样本 ( n = 157) 进行了分析,从澳大利亚东南部(太平洋中的“第 6 部分”种群)到澳大利亚西南部(印度的“第 5 部分”种群)。海洋)。
  4. 根据核和线粒体 DNA (mtDNA) 分析,从“第 5 部分”和“第 6 部分”种群中取样的抹香鲸属于同一种群。在澳大利亚水域的动物中发现了四种新的抹香鲸 mtDNA 单倍型。澳大利亚抹香鲸的遗传多样性水平较低,但与之前报道的印度洋和太平洋种群的遗传多样性水平相似。
  5. 鉴于来自太平洋和印度洋其他地区的澳大利亚水域抹香鲸的遗传特征,以及种群数量缺乏恢复,需要进一步的科学研究来增加我们对种群动态和威胁管理策略在这方面的有效性的理解。物种。
更新日期:2021-01-11
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