Tetracyclines, which have long been used as broad-spectrum antibiotics, also exhibit a variety of nonantibiotic activities including anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Tetracyclines bind to the 30S ribosome of the bacteria and inhibit protein synthesis. Unlike antimicrobial activity, the primary molecular target for the nonantibiotic activity of tetracycline remains to be clarified. Nonetheless, the therapeutic efficacies of tetracyclines, particularly minocycline and doxycycline, have been demonstrated in various animal models of autoimmune disorders, such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and asthma. In this study, we summarized the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of tetracyclines, focusing on the mechanisms underlying these activities. In addition, we highlighted the on-going or completed clinical trials with reported outcomes.

中文翻译：

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具有四环素非抗生素特性的自身免疫性疾病的免疫治疗

长期以来被用作广谱抗生素的四环素也表现出多种非抗生素活性，包括抗炎和免疫调节特性。四环素与细菌的 30S 核糖体结合并抑制蛋白质合成。与抗菌活性不同，四环素非抗菌活性的主要分子靶点仍有待阐明。尽管如此，四环素类药物，特别是米诺环素和多西环素的治疗功效已在多种自身免疫性疾病动物模型中得到证实，例如多发性硬化症、类风湿性关节炎和哮喘。在这项研究中，我们总结了四环素的抗炎和免疫调节活性，重点关注这些活性的机制。此外，