While travelers have generally sought to avoid peril, some modern ones—namely, explorers, scientists, and adventurers—have come to embrace risk as an essential ingredient of their expeditions. The evolution of risk as an object of, rather than an obstacle to, travel has been long in the making. Yet this evolution is tricky to chart, since the desire for risk-oriented travel has grown up alongside demands for safer travel. In fact, the processes are linked. The tangled threads of travel, as a process that sometimes avoids and sometimes leans into danger, make the story of expeditionary disasters more complicated. Yet they also make these stories worth telling. Travel disasters are not merely the stuff of National Geographic and the Discovery Channel; they are tools that give us new ways to think about modern mobility—scientific exploration, tourism, extreme adventurism, and the travel of exile—practices usually treated independently but that here are connected and compared.

中文翻译：

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沙克尔顿综合症

虽然旅行者普遍寻求避免危险，但一些现代人——即探险家、科学家和冒险家——已经开始接受风险作为他们探险的基本要素。风险作为旅行的对象而不是障碍的演变已经酝酿了很长时间。然而，这种演变很难描绘出来，因为人们对以风险为导向的旅行的渴望随着对更安全旅行的需求而增长。事实上，这些过程是相互关联的。错综复杂的旅行线索，作为一个时而避险，时而趋于危险的过程，使得远征灾难的故事变得更加复杂。然而，他们也让这些故事值得讲述。旅行灾难不仅仅是国家地理和探索频道的内容；它们是让我们以全新方式思考现代交通的工具——科学探索、旅游、