当前位置: X-MOL 学术International Labor and Working-Class History › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
A State of Underdevelopment: Sovereignty, Nation-Building and Labor in Liberia 1898–1961
International Labor and Working-Class History ( IF 0.563 ) Pub Date : 2017-01-01 , DOI: 10.1017/s0147547917000084
Christine Whyte

In the nineteenth and early twentieth century, Liberia was in the unusual position of being a colony with no metropole. Without military or financial support, the settlers’ control over their territory remained weak. Surrounding European empires preyed on this weakness, and Americo-Liberian rule was often at risk from coalitions of European forces and indigenous African resistance. From the early twentieth century, the political elite took on the concept of “development” as a central part of government policy in an attempt to gain political and economic control of the hinterland areas and stave off European incursions. This policy involved the extension and reinforcement of labor policies and practices that had developed through the nineteenth century as means to incorporate settlers and indigenous people into Liberian society. When these plans failed, huge swathes of territory were turned over to foreign commercial interests in an attempt to bolster Liberian claims to sovereignty. And after the Second World War, new policies of “community development” introduced by international agencies again tried to solve Liberia's “land and labor” problem through resettlement. At each stage developmentalist rationales were deployed in order to facilitate greater government control over the Liberian interior territory.

中文翻译:

欠发达状况:1898–1961年利比里亚的主权,民族建设和劳工

在19世纪和20世纪初,利比里亚处于一个没有大都市的殖民地的特殊地位。没有军事或财政支持,定居者对其领土的控制仍然薄弱。周围的欧洲帝国掠夺了这一弱点,而欧洲军队的联合和非洲原住民的抵抗经常使美洲-利比里亚的统治处于危险之中。从二十世纪初开始,政治精英就将“发展”概念作为政府政策的核心部分,以期获得对腹地地区的政治和经济控制并避免欧洲入侵。这项政策涉及延伸和加强自十九世纪以来发展起来的劳工政策和惯例,作为使定居者和土著人民融入利比里亚社会的手段。当这些计划失败时,大片领土被移交给外国商业利益,以增强利比里亚对主权的主张。第二次世界大战后,国际机构采取的新的“社区发展”政策再次试图通过安置来解决利比里亚的“土地和劳动力”问题。在每个阶段,都采用了发展主义的理论依据,以促进政府对利比里亚内部领土的更大控制。
更新日期:2017-01-01
down
wechat
bug