Anthropologists frequently treat giving and sharing as primordial prosocial acts—the building blocks of society. Avoiding sharing appears as negative and antisocial. But in the Republic of the Marshall Islands, avoiding sharing is just as social and as important to relationships as sharing. First, any act of sharing involves avoiding sharing. Second, successfully avoiding sharing is a collaborative process in which interlocutors construct one another as people who do not need to share. These avoiding-sharing interactions are ubiquitous but often invisible. Social life thus takes places through silence as well as speech, inaction as well as action. Avoiding sharing is as central to economic and social life as sharing itself.

中文翻译：

---

避免分享

人类学家经常将给予和分享视为原始的亲社会行为——社会的基石。避免分享似乎是消极和反社会的。但在马绍尔群岛共和国，避免分享与分享一样具有社会性和重要性。首先，任何分享行为都涉及避免分享。其次，成功避免共享是一个协作过程，在这个过程中，对话者将彼此构建为不需要共享的人。这些避免分享的互动无处不在，但往往是看不见的。因此，社会生活通过沉默和言语、不作为和行动而发生。避免分享对于经济和社会生活来说与分享本身一样重要。