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Nazik al-Mala’ika and the Poetics of Pan-Arabism
Critical Inquiry ( IF 1.944 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-01 , DOI: 10.1086/705300
Robyn Creswell

In late 1947, the Iraqi poet Nazik al-Mala’ika published “Cholera,” a poem inspired by radio reports about the epidemic then raging through Egypt, one of the largest cholera outbreaks of the twentieth century, which left twenty thousand dead in its wake. Al-Mala’ika’s poem, first printed in the Lebanesemagazine al-‘Uruba (Arabism), is awork of anguishedwitness. The poet urges her readers to “listen” to the cries of the dying and the lamentations of the bereaved as they echo along the Nile Valley (“C”). She figures the disease as a vengeful fury whose casualties are too numerous to count. For the first fifty-one lines of “Cholera,” a monostrophic poem of four thirteen-line stanzas, the speaker hovers over the foreign scene like a tragic chorus. She sets the drama in motion and adds her horrified commentary. In the final verse, she steps forward to apostrophize the victim: “O Egypt, I am shattered by what death has done” (“C”). “Cholera”was awatershed inArabic literature. During the 1950s and ’60s it served as a touchstone for poets across the Middle East, not so much for its content, which many readers found excessively sentimental, as for its technical innovations. Al-Mala’ika composed her poem in one of the sixteen classical Arabic meters, essentially unchanged since pre-Islamic times and codified in the eighth century, but she used a variable number of feet (taf ‘ila) per line, thereby dispensing with the uniform line lengths and hemistichal division of conventional verse. Rather than being formed into

中文翻译:

纳齐克·马莱卡与泛阿拉伯主义诗学

1947 年末,伊拉克诗人纳齐克·马莱卡 (Nazik al-Mala'ika) 发表了《霍乱》(Cholera),这首诗的灵感来自于有关该流行病在埃及肆虐的广播报道,这是 20 世纪最大的霍乱暴发之一,导致 2 万人死亡。唤醒。Al-Mala'ika 的诗最初发表在黎巴嫩杂志 al-'Uruba(阿拉伯主义)上,是痛苦的见证者的作品。诗人敦促她的读者“倾听”垂死者的呼喊和失去亲人的哀悼,因为它们沿着尼罗河谷回荡(“C”)。她认为这种疾病是一种报复性的狂怒,其伤亡人数不胜枚举。《霍乱》的前五十一行,四节十三行的单调诗,说话者在异域上空盘旋,犹如一首悲壮的大合唱。她启动了戏剧并添加了她可怕的评论。在最后的诗句中,她走上前对受害者进行撇号:“埃及啊,我被死亡所做的一切震惊了”(“C”)。“霍乱”是阿拉伯文学的分水岭。在 1950 年代和 60 年代,它成为中东地区诗人的试金石,与其说是它的内容,不如说是它的技术创新,许多读者认为这些内容过于伤感。Al-Mala'ika 用十六个古典阿拉伯语米之一创作她的诗,自前伊斯兰时代以来基本没有变化,并在八世纪编纂,但她每行使用了可变数量的英尺 (taf 'ila),从而省去了传统诗句的统一行长和半分法。而不是被形成 在 1950 年代和 60 年代,它成为了中东诗人的试金石,与其说是它的内容,不如说是它的技术创新,许多读者认为这些内容过于感伤。Al-Mala'ika 用十六个古典阿拉伯米之一创作她的诗,自伊斯兰时代之前基本没有变化,并在八世纪编纂,但她每行使用了可变数量的英尺 (taf 'ila),从而省去了传统诗句的统一行长和半分法。而不是被形成 在 1950 年代和 60 年代,它成为了中东诗人的试金石,与其说是它的内容,不如说是它的技术创新,许多读者认为这些内容过于感伤。Al-Mala'ika 用十六个古典阿拉伯语米之一创作她的诗,自前伊斯兰时代以来基本没有变化,并在八世纪编纂,但她每行使用了可变数量的英尺 (taf 'ila),从而省去了传统诗句的统一行长和半分法。而不是被形成 但她每行使用了可变数量的英尺 (taf'ila),从而免除了传统诗句的统一行长和半分节制。而不是被形成 但她每行使用了可变数量的英尺 (taf'ila),从而免除了传统诗句的统一行长和半分节制。而不是被形成
更新日期:2019-09-01
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