Today as in the past, most often crises take people by surprise. This fact has recently provoked strong criticism of the ability of an economic theory to predict crises, to understand their course and to establish solutions to mitigate their effects. History can thus serve as a reservoir of facts and experiences, and the use of a broad chronological perspective has been recently highlighted as essential to providing a wider, comparative knowledge of past crises. Recent economic historiography has highlighted the importance of studying financial and commercial crises alongside agrarian and demographic crises, as well as questioning specific aspects of these shocks. Another important dimension stressed by recent historical studies is the importance of recognising that crises in the past occurred against a background in which uncertainty was the norm. In societies that experienced various forms of ordinary uncertainty (linked for example to the ‘dead’ season in food or textile production), crises constitute peaks of exceptional uncertainty.

中文翻译：

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应对危机：劳动力市场、制度变化和家庭经济。一个介绍

今天和过去一样，大多数时候危机都会让人们措手不及。这一事实最近激起了对经济理论预测危机、了解危机进程和制定解决方案以减轻其影响的能力的强烈批评。因此，历史可以作为事实和经验的宝库，最近强调使用广泛的时间顺序视角对于提供对过去危机的更广泛的比较知识至关重要。最近的经济史学强调了研究金融和商业危机以及农业和人口危机以及质疑这些冲击的具体方面的重要性。最近的历史研究强调的另一个重要方面是认识到过去危机发生在不确定性是常态的背景下的重要性。