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The Battle over National Schooling in Bohemia and the Czech and German National School Associations: A Comparison (1880–1914)
Austrian History Yearbook ( IF 0.400 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-20 , DOI: 10.1017/s0067237820000144
Mikuláš Zvánovec

Liberal political changes in the Habsburg monarchy during the 1860s and 1870s, especially those caused by the December Constitution of 1867 and the ensuing schooling laws, created the necessary legal framework for German and Czech school associations to establish national monolingual schools in Bohemia—the so-called minority schools. These local organizations, however, were soon superseded by central school associations, namely the German association in Vienna (Deutscher Schulverein) and the Czech one in Prague (Ustředni Matice Skolska). Founded in 1880, these associations were aimed at schools in the linguistically, and therefore nationally, contested regions along the “language frontier.” This study focuses on the dynamics of the national contestation over schooling prior to World War I and compares the activities of these two associations against the background of political democratization, mass mobilization, and the social questions of the fin de siecle. The comparative analysis of the proclamations, activities, and political contacts of the competing central school associations aims at revising theses about the position and meaning of these organizations and shows their very close interdependence upon political processes, especially on the unsuccessful Czech-German negotiations on a national compromise for Bohemia.

中文翻译:

波西米亚国家学校教育之战与捷克和德国国家学校协会:比较(1880-1914)

1860 年代和 1870 年代哈布斯堡君主制的自由政治变革,尤其是 1867 年 12 月宪法和随后的学校教育法引起的变革,为德国和捷克学校协会在波西米亚建立国家单语学校创造了必要的法律框架。称为少数民族学校。然而,这些地方组织很快被中央学校协会取代,即维也纳的德国协会 (Deutscher Schulverein) 和布拉格的捷克协会 (Ustředni Matice Skolska)。这些协会成立于 1880 年,其目标是在语言上,因此在全国范围内,沿着“语言边界”有争议的地区的学校。” 本研究侧重于第一次世界大战前全国教育争论的动态,并在政治民主化、群众动员和世纪末社会问题的背景下比较这两个协会的活动。对相互竞争的中央学校协会的宣言、活动和政治接触的比较分析旨在修改关于这些组织的立场和意义的论点,并表明它们与政治进程非常密切地相互依存,特别是关于捷克-德国关于不成功的谈判的政治进程。波西米亚的国家妥协。
更新日期:2020-03-20
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