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Joseph Roth's Feuilleton Journalism as Social History in Vienna, 1919–20
Austrian History Yearbook ( IF 0.400 ) Pub Date : 2017-04-01 , DOI: 10.1017/s0067237816000667
Deborah Holmes

F rom A pril 1919 to A pril 1920, twenty-four-year-old Joseph Roth worked full time as a reporter on the newly founded Viennese daily Der Neue Tag [The new day]. It was his first regular job and, although he was later to become one of the best-paid journalists of the Weimar Republic, it was also the only one he would ever hold on a fixed contract. In spring 1919, Roth had recently returned from eastern Galicia, the place of his origins, where he had also been stationed during the war, first in the infantry, then as an army press officer. His position as a Heimkehrer in Vienna after the war was precarious for a number of reasons. Paid work was scarce in the impoverished city, and Roth had not finished—indeed, would never finish—his degree. More important, although he had already been resident in Vienna as a student before the outbreak of hostilities, the “Ostjude” Roth, like so many others, had no valid papers and no right to remain in the former imperial capital. Political parties across the spectrum were agitating for the largely Jewish refugees from the former eastern provinces of the fallen Habsburg empire to be sent “home”—even by force, if necessary. Roth's position at Der Neue Tag was therefore not only an important apprenticeship for his high-profile career in journalism—which in turn laid the foundations for his oeuvre as a novelist—but also constituted a vital existential anchor. Given their historical and biographical context, it seems surprising that the texts he produced for the new newspaper—two or three a week throughout this pivotal period in Vienna's transition from self-assured imperial capital to beleaguered Social Democratic outpost—have received comparatively little attention in Roth scholarship. This is in part a result of the acknowledged bias in research on German-language culture and literature during this era toward the Weimar Republic, in particular Berlin, and away from First Republic Austria: similar texts produced slightly later by Roth in and on the German capital are often studied and seem to have eclipsed the earlier Viennese texts. This article seeks to redress the balance within Roth scholarship while also suggesting what Roth's work for Der Neue Tag can contribute to our sociohistorical understanding of the period, despite or perhaps because of the literary techniques it uses.

中文翻译:

约瑟夫·罗斯 (Joseph Roth) 的 Feuilleton 新闻作为维也纳的社会历史,1919-20

从 1919 年 4 月到 1920 年 4 月,24 岁的约瑟夫·罗斯全职担任新成立的维也纳日报 Der Neue Tag [新的一天]的记者。这是他的第一份正式工作,虽然他后来成为魏玛共和国收入最高的记者之一,但这也是他唯一一份有固定合同的工作。1919 年春天,罗斯最近刚从他的家乡加利西亚东部返回,战争期间他也曾驻扎在那里,先是在步兵部队,然后是军队新闻官。由于多种原因,他在战后在维也纳的 Heimkehrer 地位岌岌可危。在这个贫穷的城市里,有偿工作很少见,罗斯还没有完成——事实上,永远也完成不了——他的学位。更重要,尽管在敌对行动爆发之前他已经作为学生居住在维也纳,但“Ostjude”罗斯和许多其他人一样,没有有效证件,也无权留在这座前帝国首都。各个政党都在鼓动来自堕落的哈布斯堡帝国前东部省份的主要犹太难民被送“回家”——如果有必要,甚至可以用武力。因此,罗斯在 Der Neue Tag 的职位不仅是他在新闻界备受瞩目的职业生涯的重要学徒——这反过来又为他作为小说家的全部作品奠定了基础——而且还构成了一个至关重要的存在主义锚。鉴于它们的历史和传记背景,他为新报纸制作的文本似乎令人惊讶——在维也纳的这个关键时期,每周两到三篇” 从自信的帝国首都到陷入困境的社会民主党前哨的转变——在罗斯的学术研究中受到的关注相对较少。这在一定程度上是由于这一时期德国语言文化和文学研究中公认的偏向于魏玛共和国,尤其是柏林,而远离第一共和国的奥地利:罗斯在稍晚之后制作的类似文本在德国资本经常被研究并且似乎已经使早期的维也纳文本黯然失色。本文试图纠正罗斯学术界的平衡,同时也提出罗斯为 Der Neue Tag 所做的工作可以为我们对该时期的社会历史理解做出贡献,尽管或可能是因为它使用了文学技巧。
更新日期:2017-04-01
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