Representation is always a dynamic relation, a tatonnement, in which the represented adjust their preferences on the basis of beliefs induced by the representatives. All rulers—those selected in clean elections, those who hold such ceremonies without putting their power at stake, and those who do not even bother to hold them—claim to have reasons to be followed, and people are willing to follow them if they believe these are good reasons. Thus, individual preferences, “wills,”are influenced by the relation of representation. The controversial issue is whether the relation of representation can be assessed when preferences are endogenous, in particular when people are not exposed to a plurality of reasons.

中文翻译：

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威权主义、权威和代表

代表总是一种动态的关系，一种象征，在这种关系中，被代表根据代表所诱发的信念调整他们的偏好。所有的统治者——那些在干净的选举中被选中的人，那些举行这样的仪式而不将权力置于危险之中的人，以及那些甚至懒得举行的人——都声称有被追随的理由，如果他们相信，人们愿意追随他们这些都是很好的理由。因此，个人偏好、“意愿”受代表关系的影响。有争议的问题是，当偏好是内生的，特别是当人们没有暴露于多种原因时，是否可以评估代表关系。