Security has always been a core function of the modern state. Yet the rise of the Preventive State captures an intensification of that role as threats to security and demands for public protection increase, prompting states to prioritize new practices of preventive criminalization, policing, and punishment. The rise of the Preventive State may promise greater security, but the costs of ever more coercive preventive laws and measures are burdensome and pose a threat to civil liberties. This review considers the drivers, multiple manifestations, and direct and collateral consequences of preventive endeavors that assess and manage risk, target hazards, and restrain or detain those deemed dangerous. It also explores their ramifications for criminology and criminal justice. It concludes by considering the potential of criminology to join cross-disciplinary efforts to articulate a new jurisprudence of security and to elaborate principles of preventive justice with which to restrain the excesses of the Preventive State.

中文翻译：

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预防国家的兴起与制约

安全一直是现代国家的核心职能。然而，随着对安全的威胁和对公共保护的需求增加，预防国的崛起抓住了这一作用的加剧，促使各国优先考虑预防性犯罪，治安和处罚的新做法。预防国的崛起可能会带来更大的安全保障，但采取更具强制性的预防性法律和措施所付出的代价却是沉重的负担，并对公民自由构成了威胁。这篇综述考虑了预防性措施的驱动因素，多种表现形式以及直接和附带的后果，这些措施可评估和管理风险，确定危害并抑制或拘留被视为危险的人员。它还探讨了它们对犯罪学和刑事司法的影响。