Holes (h⁺) on heterogeneous photocatalysts could act as important oxidative species or precursors for reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, due to the ultrafast recombination of photoinduced electrons and holes, a majority of carriers are consumed prior to surface reactions. Herein, we report an unprecedented nonphotomediated hole oxidation system constructed from carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and superoxides. This system exhibited high catalytic activity for the degradation of organic pollutants, which outperforms the classical oxidation processes in the remediation of actual wastewater and is comparable to that of the best single cobalt atom catalyst. Theoretical and experimental results reveal that the intrinsic defects with unpaired spins on CNTs served as adsorptive sites to activate superoxides. This is the first report on exploring the oxidation properties of nonphotomediated hole carriers on heterogeneous catalysts, which will be of broad interest for researchers in environmental remediation, chemical synthesis, and biological fields.

中文翻译：

---

由缺陷碳纳米管和超氧化物构成的前所未有的非光介孔（h ⁺）氧化体系。

孔（h ⁺）在非均相光催化剂上可以作为重要的氧化性物质或活性氧（ROS）的前体。然而，由于光致电子和空穴的超快速复合，在表面反应之前消耗了大部分载流子。在本文中，我们报道了一种由碳纳米管（CNT）和超氧化物构成的前所未有的非光介电空穴氧化系统。该系统对降解有机污染物表现出很高的催化活性，在修复实际废水方面优于传统的氧化过程，可与最佳的单钴原子催化剂媲美。理论和实验结果表明，碳纳米管上自旋不成对的内在缺陷充当了激活超氧化物的吸附位点。