Hydrological Sciences Journal ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Shiva Gholizadeh Sarabi, Kamran Davary, Bijan Ghahraman, Mojtaba Shafiei
Understanding how human and water systems co-evolve is a vital step towards achieving sustainability. This paper presents a historical socio-hydrological analysis of a semi-arid and overexploited basin in Eastern Iran, which is currently experiencing a serious water crisis. The co-evolutionary history of socio-hydrological system within the basin was divided into three phases of natural, expansion and contraction. During the natural phase (from the Lower Paleolithic era to 650 AD), the basin was in pristine condition. In the expansion phase, including traditional development (650 AD up to 1920) and industrial development (since 1920 till now), major proportion of non-renewable groundwater was employed towards economic gain. Considering banning of groundwater development in the basin in 1966, the contraction phase has gradually begun since then, nevertheless the expansion phase has continued. Furthermore, guided by historical analysis, a perceptual socio-hydrological model was developed to improve understanding of co-evolutionary dynamics of coupled human–water system.
中文翻译:
基于历史分析的人类进化共水系统的感知社会水文模型,伊朗马什哈德盆地
了解人类和水系统如何共同发展是实现可持续性的关键一步。本文介绍了伊朗东部一个半干旱和过度开发盆地的历史社会水文学分析,该盆地目前正面临严重的水危机。流域内社会水文学系统的共同演化史分为自然,扩张和收缩三个阶段。在自然阶段(从旧石器时代到公元650年),盆地处于原始状态。在扩张阶段,包括传统发展(到1920年,公元650年)和工业发展(从1920年至今),大部分不可再生地下水被用来获取经济利益。考虑到1966年该流域禁止地下水开发,此后收缩阶段逐渐开始,尽管如此,扩张阶段仍在继续。此外,在历史分析的指导下,建立了感知社会水文模型,以增进对人类水系统耦合动力学的认识。