The dynamic information of lithium‐ion battery active materials obtained from coin cell‐based in‐situ characterizations might not represent the properties of the active material itself because many other factors in the cell could have impacts on the cell performance. To address this problem, a single particle cell was developed to perform the in‐situ characterization without the interference of inactive materials in the battery electrode as well as the X‐ray‐induced damage. In this study, the dynamic morphological and phase changes of selenium‐doped germanium (Ge_0.9Se_0.1) at the single particle level were investigated via synchrotron‐based in‐situ transmission X‐ray microscopy. The results demonstrate the good reversibility of Ge_0.9Se_0.1 at high cycling rate that helps understand its good cycling performance and rate capability. This in‐situ and operando technique based on a single particle battery cell provides an approach to understanding the dynamic electrochemical processes of battery materials during charging and discharging at the particle level.

中文翻译：

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使用单粒子池和同步加速器透射X射线显微镜对硒掺杂锗的动态形貌和相变进行原位表征

从基于纽扣电池的原位表征获得的锂离子电池活性材料的动态信息可能不代表活性材料本身的特性，因为电池中的许多其他因素可能会影响电池性能。为了解决这个问题，开发了一种单颗粒电池，可以进行原位表征，而不会干扰电池电极中非活性物质以及X射线引起的损坏。在这项研究中，通过基于同步加速器的原位透射X射线显微镜研究了单粒子水平上掺硒锗（Ge _0.9 Se _0.1）的动态形态和相变。结果表明，Ge _0.9 Se _0.1具有良好的可逆性高循环速率，有助于了解其良好的循环性能和速率能力。这种基于单个粒子电池单元的原位和操作技术提供了一种方法，用于了解在粒子级充电和放电期间电池材料的动态电化学过程。