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Perceived similarity of imagined possible worlds affects judgments of counterfactual plausibility
Cognition ( IF 4.011 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104574
Felipe De Brigard 1 , Paul Henne 2 , Matthew L Stanley 3
Affiliation  

People frequently entertain counterfactual thoughts, or mental simulations about alternative ways the world could have been. But the perceived plausibility of those counterfactual thoughts varies widely. The current article interfaces research in the philosophy and semantics of counterfactual statements with the psychology of mental simulations, and it explores the role of perceived similarity in judgments of counterfactual plausibility. We report results from seven studies (N = 6405) jointly supporting three interconnected claims. First, the perceived plausibility of a counterfactual event is predicted by the perceived similarity between the possible world in which the imagined situation is thought to occur and the actual world. Second, when people attend to differences between imagined possible worlds and the actual world, they think of the imagined possible worlds as less similar to the actual world and tend to judge counterfactuals in such worlds as less plausible. Lastly, when people attend to what is identical between imagined possible worlds and the actual world, they think of the imagined possible worlds as more similar to the actual world and tend to judge counterfactuals in such worlds as more plausible. We discuss these results in light of philosophical, semantic, and psychological theories of counterfactual thinking.



中文翻译:

想象的可能世界的感知相似性影响反事实合理性的判断

人们经常会接受反事实的想法,或者是关于世界可能存在的替代方式的心理模拟。但是这些反事实思想的合理性差异很大。当前文章将反事实陈述的哲学和语义研究与心理模拟心理学联系起来,并探讨了感知相似在反事实合理性判断中的作用。我们报告来自七个研究的结果(ñ= 6405)共同支持三个相互关联的声明。首先,通过事实世界被认为发生的可能世界与现实世界之间的感知相似性来预测反事实事件的感知似真性。其次,当人们关注想象的可能世界与现实世界之间的差异时,他们会认为想象的可能世界与现实世界不太相似,并且倾向于在这样的世界中判断事实并非如此。最后,当人们关注想象的可能世界与现实世界之间的相同之处时,他们会认为想象的可能世界与现实世界更加相似,并且倾向于在这样的世界中判断事实。我们将根据哲学,语义,

更新日期:2021-01-11
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