Wastewater effluents are a reliable water source for non-potable water reuse including unrestricted crop irrigation in arid regions suffering from water scarcity. This study was performed to develop and optimize a procedure to concentrate coliphages from 100 L of treated effluent. Moreover, the reduction of coliphages by filtration and disinfection by either chlorine or UV was compared with that of fecal coliform (FC). The adsorption efficiency of MS2 and Qβ coliphages by the NanoCeram filter was similar and reached 99.8%. Elution efficiency of MS2 coliphage from the NanoCeram filters by a solution of 1% NaPP and 0.05 M glycine, pH 9.5, was 74 ± 9.5%. The highest reconcentration efficiency of MS2 and Qβ coliphages was obtained with polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation and reached 76 ± 28% and 90 ± 11%, respectively. In comparison, the reconcentration efficiency of organic flocculation was 0% and 1.3% for Qβ and MS2 coliphages, respectively. The overall recovery efficiency of MS2 coliphages from 100 L tertiary effluent was 57 ± 1.5%. Poor reduction was observed for coliphages compared to FC by filtration and chlorine disinfection although; the reduction of FC, as measured by cultivation, was satisfactory and within the guidelines for unrestricted irrigation. High correlation between the reduction of FC and coliphages was recorded for tertiary effluent disinfected by UV irradiation. Monitoring the microbial quality of tertiary effluent using qPCR for the enumeration of FC was found unsuitable, because DNA levels were unaffected by the treatment processes. The results of this study demonstrated that monitoring the microbial quality of tertiary effluent by FC may not reflect the health risks encountered by the application of these effluents and the addition of coliphages to the monitoring programs may allow for accurate assessment of the health risks introduced by the application of tertiary effluent.

废水是非饮用水再利用的可靠水源，包括在缺水干旱地区不受限制的作物灌溉。本研究旨在开发和优化从 100 L 处理过的流出物中浓缩大肠杆菌噬菌体的程序。此外，将通过氯或紫外线过滤和消毒减少的大肠杆菌噬菌体与粪便大肠菌 (FC) 进行了比较。NanoCeram 过滤器对 MS2 和 Qβ 大肠杆菌噬菌体的吸附效率相似，达到 99.8%。使用 1% NaPP 和 0.05 M 甘氨酸（pH 9.5）的溶液从 NanoCeram 过滤器中洗脱 MS2 大肠杆菌噬菌体的效率为 74 ± 9.5%。MS2 和 Qβ 大肠杆菌噬菌体的最高再浓缩效率是通过聚乙二醇 (PEG) 沉淀获得的，分别达到 76 ± 28% 和 90 ± 11%。相比下，对于 Qβ 和 MS2 大肠杆菌噬菌体，有机絮凝的再浓缩效率分别为 0% 和 1.3%。MS2 大肠杆菌噬菌体从 100 L 三级流出物中的总体回收效率为 57 ± 1.5%。与 FC 相比，通过过滤和氯消毒观察到大肠杆菌噬菌体的减少很差；FC 的减少，以种植衡量，是令人满意的，并且在无限制灌溉的指导方针之内。对于通过紫外线照射消毒的三级流出物，记录了 FC 和大肠杆菌减少之间的高度相关性。发现使用 qPCR 监测三级流出物的微生物质量来计数 FC 是不合适的，因为 DNA 水平不受处理过程的影响。