The Heihe River is a typical inland river under increasing anthropogenic pressure. To explore the characteristics of the macrobenthic assemblages and their relationships with environmental factors in the upstream and midstream regions of this basin, abiotic conditions and macrobenthic assemblages were investigated in the summers of 2018 and 2019. A total of 50 species were collected, and Arthropoda and mollusks were the dominant groups. A significant increase in standing stock was observed from the upstream to midstream, and predators (PR) were the main functional feeding group. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the Shannon-Wiener index and Margalef’s index values significantly differed at the spatial scale (P < 0.05). A redundancy analysis (RDA) and Pearson correlation analysis showed that the spatial heterogeneity of the macrobenthos was influenced by the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅), water temperature (WT), total nitrogen (TN), salinity, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), and potassium permanganate index (COD_Mn) (P < 0.05). The spatial variation of macrobenthos was mainly governed by natural conditions and human disturbances.

黑河是人为压力不断增加的典型内陆河。为了探讨流域上游和中游地区大型底栖动物的特征及其与环境因素的关系，在2018年和2019年夏季调查了非生物条件和大型底栖动物。共收集了50种动物，节肢动物和节肢动物。软体动物占主导地位。从上游到中游观察到站立种群大量增加，捕食者（PR）是主要的功能性喂养组。单向方差分析（ANOVA）显示，香农-维纳指数和Margalef指数值在空间尺度上显着不同（P<0.05）。冗余分析（RDA）和Pearson相关分析表明，大型底栖动物的空间异质性受到生化需氧量（BOD ₅），水温（WT），总氮（TN），盐度，电导率（EC）的影响，总溶解固体（TDS），溶解氧（DO）和高锰酸钾指数（COD _Mn）（P <0.05）。大底栖动物的空间变化主要受自然条件和人为干扰的控制。