Iron (Fe) is an essential element for the development and physiology of plants, owing to its presence in numerous proteins involved in central biological processes. Here, we established an exhaustive, manually curated inventory of genes encoding Fe‐containing proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana, and summarized their subcellular localization, spatiotemporal expression and evolutionary age. We have currently identified 1068 genes encoding potential Fe‐containing proteins, including 204 iron‐sulfur (Fe‐S) proteins, 446 haem proteins and 330 non‐Fe‐S/non‐haem Fe proteins (updates of this atlas are available at https://conf.arabidopsis.org/display/COM/Atlas+of+Fe+containing+proteins). A fourth class, containing 88 genes for which iron binding is uncertain, is indexed as ‘unclear’. The proteins are distributed in diverse subcellular compartments with strong differences per category. Interestingly, analysis of the gene age index showed that most genes were acquired early in plant evolutionary history and have progressively gained regulatory elements, to support the complex organ‐specific and development‐specific functions necessitated by the emergence of terrestrial plants. With this gene atlas, we provide a valuable and updateable tool for the research community that supports the characterization of the molecular actors and mechanisms important for Fe metabolism in plants. This will also help in selecting relevant targets for breeding or biotechnological approaches aiming at Fe biofortification in crops.

中文翻译：

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拟南芥含铁蛋白基因图谱

铁 (Fe) 是植物发育和生理学的必需元素，因为它存在于参与中心生物过程的众多蛋白质中。在这里，我们建立了一份详尽的、手动管理的编码拟南芥中含铁蛋白的基因清单，并总结了它们的亚细胞定位、时空表达和进化年龄。我们目前已鉴定出 1068 个编码潜在含铁蛋白的基因，包括 204 个铁硫 (Fe-S) 蛋白、446 个血红素蛋白和 330 个非 Fe-S/非血红素 Fe 蛋白（该图谱的更新可在 https ://conf.arabidopsis.org/display/COM/Atlas+of+Fe+含有+蛋白质）。第四类包含 88 个铁结合不确定的基因，被标记为“不清楚”。这些蛋白质分布在不同的亚细胞区室中，每个类别的差异很大。有趣的是，对基因年龄指数的分析表明，大多数基因是在植物进化历史的早期获得的，并逐渐获得了调控元件，支持陆生植物出现所必需的复杂的器官特异性和发育特异性功能。有了这个基因图谱，我们为研究界提供了一个有价值的、可更新的工具，支持对植物中铁代谢重要的分子参与者和机制的表征。这也将有助于选择育种或生物技术方法的相关目标，以在作物中进行铁生物强化。