Plant growth, grain yield, and the nutritional grain quality reduce in Zinc (Zn)-deficient soils. As a practical approach, the utilization of plant growth-promoting microorganisms offers a promising approach to cope with Zinc deficiency. This study was carried out to determine the effects of endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica and rhizobacterium Pseudomonas putida on growth, nutrient status, and antioxidant enzyme activities of two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under Zn deficiency. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized factorial design with three replications and three treatments: wheat genotypes [Zn-efficient (H-Zn) genotype, Azadi and Zn-inefficient (L-Zn) genotype, Niknejad]), Zn concentrations (0 and 2 μmol Zn L⁻¹) and microbial inoculations (P. indica and P. putida). Under Zn deficiency, P. indica, P. putida, and dual inoculation of P. indica with P. putida significantly increased the shoot dry weight of L-Zn genotype up to 10.3%, 25.6% and, 15.4% compared to control plants, respectively. Inoculation of P. indica led to an increase in thinner and highly-branched roots and subsequently increased Zn uptake in the shoot of L-Zn genotype under Zn deficiency. Under such condition, individual inoculation of L-Zn genotype with P. putida and P. indica increased peroxidase activity by 85.7% and 40% compared with non-inoculated plants. Malondialdehyde content of both wheat genotypes inoculated with P. indica was significantly decreased compared to the non-inoculated plants. Generally, depending on the wheat genotype, P. indica and P. putida can increase plant tolerance by affecting only part of the tolerance mechanisms (including antioxidant and non-antioxidant mechanisms) under Zn deficiency stress. In summary, P. indica and P. putida could improve the fitness of the L-Zn genotype under Zn-deficiency stress.

缺锌（Zn）的土壤中植物的生长，谷物的产量和营养谷物的质量下降。作为一种实用的方法，利用促进植物生长的微生物为应对锌缺乏提供了一种有前途的方法。本研究进行，以确定内生真菌的效果Piriformospora籼稻和根际细菌恶臭假单胞菌生长，营养状态，以及两个小麦（抗氧化酶活性小麦L.）下缺锌基因型。使用完全随机的因子设计进行实验，该设计具有三重复和三种处理方式：小麦基因型[锌高效（H-Zn）基因型，阿扎迪和锌低效（L-Zn）基因型，尼康加德]），锌浓度（0和2μmolZn L^-1）和微生物接种（印度假单胞菌和恶臭假单胞菌）。下缺锌，P.籼稻，恶臭假单胞菌，和双接种P.籼稻与恶臭假单胞菌显著与对照植物相比增加的L-Zn构成的地上部分干重基因型高达10.3％，25.6％和15.4％，分别。接种P. indica导致根部稀疏和高度分支的增加，随后在缺锌的L-Zn基因型的芽中增加了对Zn的吸收。在这种条件下，分别用恶臭假单胞菌和印度假单胞菌接种L-Zn基因型与未接种的植物相比，过氧化物酶活性提高了85.7％和40％。与未接种的植株相比，接种P. indica的两种小麦基因型的丙二醛含量均明显降低。通常，根据小麦的基因型，印度。和恶臭假单胞菌可以通过仅影响锌缺乏胁迫下的部分耐受机制（包括抗氧化剂和非抗氧化剂机制）来提高植物的耐受性。总之，印度P和恶臭假单胞菌可以提高锌缺乏胁迫下L-Zn基因型的适应性。