In this paper, a series of plane strain tests were conducted on a coarse frozen sand under different temperatures and loading conditions of constant strain rate and stress. With the overall strain fields obtained with particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique, the influence of loading conditions, temperature and strain rate on the strain localization characteristics of the frozen sand was analyzed. It is indicated that, under the same loading conditions, the temperature and strain rate have little influence on the shear band formation process. Both of the single and X shape shear band are observed under different test conditions. The X shape shear bands are more likely to be generated under strain rate lower than the magnitude of 10⁻³ min⁻¹. When the sand samples are at failure, most part of the strain field is at dilatancy state. The shear band inclination angle and width are inversely proportional to the temperature and independent of strain rate and loading conditions. Further analysis indicated that, within the testing temperature range in this study, the widely accepted Coulomb's solution of unfrozen soils is applicable as the upper bound of the measured shear band inclination angle of the tested frozen sand, and the measured shear band width falls in the range of 10 to 20 times of mean particle size.

本文在不同的温度和恒定应变率和应力的加载条件下，在粗糙的冻砂上进行了一系列平面应变测试。利用粒子图像测速技术（PIV）获得了整体应变场，分析了加载条件，温度和应变速率对冻土应变局部化特征的影响。结果表明，在相同的载荷条件下，温度和应变速率对剪切带形成过程的影响很小。在不同的测试条件下都观察到了单剪切带和X形剪切带。在低于10 ^-3  min ^-1的应变速率下，更可能产生X形剪切带。当砂样破坏时，应变场的大部分处于扩张状态。剪切带的倾斜角度和宽度与温度成反比，与应变率和载荷条件无关。进一步的分析表明，在本研究的测试温度范围内，被广泛接受的未冻结土壤的库仑溶液可以用作测试冻土的剪切带倾角测量值的上限​​，而测量的剪切带宽度在范围是平均粒径的10到20倍。