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Impact of vaccination and selective breeding on the transmission of Infectious salmon anemia virus
Aquaculture ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-09 , DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736365
Margo E. Chase-Topping , Chris Pooley , Hooman K. Moghadam , Borghild Hillestad , Marie Lillehammer , Lene Sveen , Andrea Doeschl-Wilson

A transmission trial was carried out using 420 Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L., parr stage) to simultaneously test the impact of vaccination and selective breeding on the transmission of Infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV). Genetic difference in disease resistance was based on mortality differences across 15 families (defined by a genomic breeding value (GEBV)) and organised into three groups (low GEBV (LBV), mid GEBV (MBV) and high GEBV (HBV)). Three different shedder groups were infected with ISAV before being placed in tanks (T1 – T18) with naive contact fish (n = 15), one representative from each of the 15 families. The shedder groups included LBV vaccinated (LBVv), LBV not vaccinated (LBVnv) and HBV not vaccinated (HBVnv). The trial was run with two consecutive sets of nine tanks so the infectiousness of the shedder fish could be tested at different stages in their infection process (early (3–9 days post-infection (dpi) versus late (9–15 dpi)). Infection and mortality data of the contact fish were analysed using a Generalised Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) and a Bayesian epidemiological model. Neither vaccination nor genetic resistance prevented transmission, but both lowered the probability of infection in contact fish. Though not statistically significant, the effect of genetic resistance was larger (LBVNV vs HBVNV: odds ratio: 8.35 (0.75–93.36)) than vaccination (LBVNV vs LBVV: odds ratio: 4.52 (0.43–46.99)). There was no difference in the susceptibility of fish with different resistance breeding values, however, significant differences were found in their endurance to ISAV infection, with LBV fish dying 14 days earlier than HBV fish. Mortality as a resistance phenotype in breeding programmes appears to simultaneously improve survival of ISAV infected fish and reduce ISA transmission. However, it would be beneficial to evaluate mucus viral load (MVL) as an additional phenotype to more effectively reduce ISA transmission.



中文翻译:

疫苗接种和选育对传染性鲑鱼贫血病毒传播的影响

使用420只大西洋鲑鱼(Salmo salar L.,parr阶段)进行了传播试验,以同时测试疫苗接种和选择性育种对传染性鲑鱼贫血病毒(ISAV)传播的影响。抗病性的遗传差异基于15个家庭的死亡率差异(由基因组育种值(GEBV)定义),并分为三组(低GEBV(LBV),中GEBV(MBV)和高GEBV(HBV))。将三个不同的脱落者组感染ISAV,然后将它们放入装有幼稚接触鱼(n  = 15)的鱼缸(T1-T18 )中,这是15个家庭中的每一个的代表。脱落者组包括接种LBV(LBV v),未接种LBV(LBV nv)和未接种HBV(HBVnv)。该试验连续两套,每组9个水箱,因此可以在感染过程的不同阶段(早期(感染后3–9天(dpi)与晚期(9-15 dpi))测试流放鱼的传染性) 。使用广义线性混合模型(GLMM)和贝叶斯流行病学模型分析了接触鱼的感染和死亡率数据,既没有接种疫苗也没有遗传抗药性阻止传播,但都降低了接触鱼的感染可能性。遗传抗药性的影响(LBV NV与HBV NV:比值比:8.35(0.75–93.36))比疫苗接种(LBV NV与LBV V)更大:比值比:4.52(0.43–46.99))。具有不同抗性育种值的鱼的敏感性没有差异,但是,它们对ISAV感染的耐受性却存在显着差异,其中LBV鱼比HBV鱼早死14天。在繁殖计划中,作为抗性表型的死亡率似乎可以同时提高被ISAV感染的鱼的存活率并减少ISA的传播。但是,将黏液病毒载量(MVL)作为附加表型来评估,以更有效地减少ISA传播将是有益的。

更新日期:2021-01-28
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