The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of injectable trace element and vitamin combination on phagocytic, oxidative burst activity of neutrophils and reproductive outcomes in dairy cows. Cows were to assigned to the following groups: (1) injectable trace element supplementation (ITES, n = 44, containing zinc, manganese, copper, selenium); (2) injectable vitamin supplementation (VIT, n = 48, containing vitamins A, D₃, E); (3) ITES + VIT (n = 46); and (4) control (CON, n = 44). Cows were administered four injections between 230 and 260 days of the gestational period, on day of parturition, and 30 days postpartum. Neutrophil function was assessed at 10 days before and after calving. Phagocytosis was greater in cows of the ITES + VIT group at 10 days prepartum (P < 0.05) while oxidative burst was similar among groups. There were greater non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations in cows of the ITES+VIT group at 10 days prepartum (P < 0.05). Cows supplemented with ITES+ VIT had less SOD activity than those supplemented with ITES or vitamin during the pre- to post-partum transition period (P < 0.05). The total odds of pregnancy were greater in cows supplemented with trace element and/or vitamin (P < 0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of ITES and/or VIT resulted in an increased total pregnancy rate. Vitamin or trace element supplementation did not differ with the control group in both the prepartum and postpartum period for immune variables. There, however, was greater phagocytosis in cows supplemented with vitamin and trace elements during the prepartum period that might be related to metabolic-induced inflammation.

本研究的目的是评估注射微量元素和维生素组合对奶牛中性粒细胞的吞噬、氧化爆发活性和繁殖结果的影响。奶牛被分为以下几组：（1）注射微量元素补充剂（ITES，n = 44，含锌、锰、铜、硒）；(2)注射用维生素补充剂（VIT，n  =48，含维生素A、D ₃、E）；(3) ITES + VIT ( n  = 46)；(4) 控制 (CON, n = 44）。在妊娠期的 230 至 260 天、分娩当天和产后 30 天对奶牛进行四次注射。在产犊前后 10 天评估中性粒细胞功能。在产前 10 天，ITES + VIT 组奶牛的吞噬作用更大（P  < 0.05），而各组之间的氧化爆发相似。在产前 10 天，ITES+VIT 组奶牛的非酯化脂肪酸 (NEFA) 浓度更高（P  < 0.05）。在产前到产后的过渡期，补充ITES+ VIT的奶牛的SOD活性低于补充ITES或维生素的奶牛（P  < 0.05）。补充微量元素和/或维生素的奶牛总怀孕几率更高（P < 0.05)。总之，补充ITES和/或VIT导致总妊娠率增加。在免疫变量的产前和产后期间，维生素或微量元素补充剂与对照组没有差异。然而，在产前补充维生素和微量元素的奶牛有更大的吞噬作用，这可能与代谢引起的炎症有关。