In nature, parasitic infections must be addressed as complex systems involving parasite-host relationships on a temporal and spatial scale. Since the parasites cover a great biological diversity, we can expect that wildlife are exposed simultaneously to different parasites. In this sense, the objective of this work was to determine the relationships between free-living mammals and their associated hemoparasites in the Brazilian Pantanal. We used the data published during 2017 and 2018 by de Sousa et al. regarding the detection of vector-borne pathogens (VBP), namely Anaplasma, Babesia, Bartonella, Cytauxzoon, Ehrlichia, Hepatozoon, Mycoplasma, and Theileria, in nine species of free-living mammals belonging to orders Carnivora, Rodentia, and Didelphimorphia. We assume as infected an individual positive on any of parasitological, molecular, and/or serological tests. We observed a strong association between the wild felid Leopardus pardalis with Cytauxzoon, the wild canid Cerdocyon thous with Hepatozoon, the small rodent Thrichomys fosteri with Bartonella, and the procyonid Nasua nasua with Mycoplasma and Theileria. Therefore, N. nasua, C. thous, T. fosteri, and the small rodent Oecomys mamorae can be considered key species for the maintenance of selected VBP in the Pantanal region, because they showed a high number of single and coinfections. Together, our results highlighted the importance of coinfection as a common phenomenon in nature.

在自然界中，寄生虫感染必须作为复杂的系统加以解决，该系统涉及时空尺度上的寄生虫-宿主关系。由于寄生虫具有广泛的生物多样性，因此我们可以预期野生生物会同时暴露于不同的寄生虫中。从这个意义上讲，这项工作的目的是确定巴西潘塔纳尔湿地自由生存的哺乳动物与其相关的血寄生虫之间的关系。我们使用了de Sousa等人在2017年和2018年发布的数据。关于矢量源性病原体（VBP），即检测无形体，巴贝斯虫，巴尔通体，Cytauxzoon，埃立克体，Hepatozoon，支原体，以及Theileria，属于食肉动物，啮齿类动物和Didelphimorphia目的九种自由生活哺乳动物中的一种。我们假设在寄生虫，分子和/或血清学检测中呈阳性的个体被感染。我们观察到强相关的野生猫科动物之间虎猫属pardalis与Cytauxzoon，野生犬科动物Cerdocyon古都与Hepatozoon，小型啮齿动物Thrichomys fosteri与巴尔通体，和procyonid南美浣熊属南美浣熊属以支原体和泰勒。因此，N。南美浣熊属，Ç。一千，T。浮游动物和小啮齿动物Oecomys mamorae可被认为是在潘塔纳尔湿地地区维持所选VBP的关键物种，因为它们表现出大量的单次感染和合并感染。总之，我们的结果强调了合并感染作为自然界中普遍现象的重要性。