Chickpeas, lentils, and peas are the oldest grain legume species that spread to other regions after their first domestication in Fertile Crescent, and they could reveal the rhizobial evolution in relation to the microsymbionts of wild species in this region. This study investigated the phenotypic and genotypic diversity of the nodule-forming rhizobial bacteria recovered from Pisum sativum subsp., Cicer pinnatifidum, and Lens culinaris subsp. orientalis exhibiting natural distribution in the Gaziantep province of Turkey. PCA analyses of rhizobial isolates, which were tested to be highly resistant to stress conditions, showed that especially pH and salt concentrations had an important effect on these bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA determined that these wild species were nodulated by at least 7 groups including Rhizobium and non-Rhizobium. The largest group comprised of Rhizobium leguminosarum and Rhizobium sp. while R. pusense, which was previously determined as non-symbiotic species, was found to nodulate C. pinnatifidum and L. culinaris subsp. orientalis. In recent studies, Klebsiella sp., which is stated to be able to nodulate different species, strong evidences have been obtained in present study exhibiting that Klebsiella sp. can nodulate C. pinnatifidum and Pseudomonas sp. was able to nodulate C. pinnatifidum and P. sativum subsp. Additionally, L. culinaris subsp. orientalis unlike other plant species, was nodulated by Burkholderia sp. and Serratia sp. associated isolates. Some isolates could not be characterized at the species level since the 16S rRNA sequence similarity rate was low and the fact that they were in a separate group supported with high bootstrap values in the phylogenetic tree may indicate that these isolates could be new species. The REP-PCR fingerprinting provided results supporting the existence of new species nodulating wild ancestors.

鹰嘴豆、扁豆和豌豆是在新月沃地首次驯化后传播到其他地区的最古老的谷物豆类物种，它们可以揭示与该地区野生物种微共生体相关的根瘤菌进化。本研究调查了从豌豆亚种、羽扇豆亚种和Lens culinaris亚种中回收的形成根瘤的根瘤菌的表型和基因型多样性。东方人展示土耳其加济安泰普省的自然分布。根瘤菌分离株的 PCA 分析表明，对这些细菌具有高度抵抗力的根瘤菌分离株，尤其是 pH 值和盐浓度对这些细菌有重要影响。基于 16S rRNA 的系统发育分析确定这些野生物种至少有 7 个组，包括根瘤菌和非根瘤菌。最大的组包括豆根瘤菌和根瘤菌属。而先前被确定为非共生物种的R. pusense被发现在C. pinnatifidum和L. culinaris subsp 中形成根瘤。东方人。在最近的研究中，克雷伯氏菌sp.，据说能够在不同的物种中形成根瘤，在目前的研究中已经获得了强有力的证据，表明克雷伯菌属。可以结瘤C. pinnatifidum和Pseudomonas sp。能够结瘤C. pinnatifidum和P. sativum subsp。此外，L. culinaris subsp。orientalis与其他植物物种不同，由Burkholderia sp. 形成根瘤。和沙雷氏菌sp. 相关分离株。由于 16S rRNA 序列相似率较低，并且在系统发育树中它们属于一个独立的组，并且在系统发育树中具有高引导值，因此某些分离株无法在物种水平上进行表征，这可能表明这些分离株可能是新物种。REP-PCR 指纹图谱提供的结果支持新物种根瘤野生祖先的存在。