Here we provide guidance for the application of a land sparing production system designed to conserve forest-dependent wildlife in coffee growing regions where environmental conditions preclude coffee cultivation with a land-sharing strategy. In an Integrated Open Canopy (“IOC”) coffee system, shade trees planted with coffee may be eliminated at the discretion of the farmer to control outbreaks of leaf rust and increase yields, while an adjacent forest patch of equal or greater area than coffee is conserved. Farmers are compensated for the opportunity costs of conserving forest by the sale of carbon credits, as well as ecosystem services provided by forest patches in the form of increased pollination and pest control by forest-associated bees and birds, respectively. Previous studies have shown IOC farms support forest-dependent birds not found in shade coffee farms. To determine whether there are threshold values of IOC forest characteristics below which the conservation value of IOC farms decreases, we surveyed bird communities with point counts within IOC farms and other forest patches in Costa Rica during 2012. We detected 113 bird species, of which 49 were classified as forest-dependent. Cutpoint regression identified an area of 2.6 ha of forest, and a basal area of 25.2 m²/ha of forest, below which bird conservation value diminished. These values can serve as the foundation of best management practices for the establishment of IOC farms to afford opportunities for coffee producers to conserve biodiversity in regions where land sharing cultivation is impractical.

在这里，我们为节省土地的生产系统的应用提供指导，该系统旨在保护因环境原因而无法通过种植土地策略种植咖啡的咖啡种植地区的依赖森林的野生动植物。在集成开放式顶棚（“ IOC”）咖啡系统中，农民可以酌情决定取消种植咖啡的阴凉树，以控制叶锈病的爆发并增加产量，而相邻的面积等于或大于咖啡的森林则被排除在外。保守的。农民通过出售碳信用额获得保护森林的机会成本，并通过增加与森林有关的蜜蜂和鸟类的授粉和病虫害防治的形式，通过森林斑块提供的生态系统服务得到补偿。以前的研究表明，国际奥委会农场支持在咖啡浓荫农场找不到的以森林为食的鸟类。为了确定是否存在国际奥委会森林特征的阈值，低于此阈值的国际奥委会农场的保护价值降低，我们在2012年期间对哥斯达黎加的国际奥委会农场和其他森林斑块中的点数进行了鸟类调查。我们检测到113种鸟类，其中49种被归类为依赖森林。割点回归法确定了2.6公顷的森林面积和25.2 m的基础面积 其中49个被归类为依赖森林。割点回归法确定了2.6公顷的森林面积和25.2 m的基础面积 其中49个被归类为依赖森林。割点回归法确定了2.6公顷的森林面积和25.2 m的基础面积²公顷/公顷的森林，低于该数值的鸟类保护价值下降。这些价值可以作为建立国际奥委会农场的最佳管理方法的基础，从而为咖啡生产商提供机会，以保护那些无法进行土地共享种植的地区的生物多样性。