Butler (Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence. London, UK: Versa; 2004) observed cultural shifts immediately after 9/11 and suggested that, with regard to grievable and ungrievable lives, societal power structures “produce and maintain certain exclusionary conceptions of who is normatively human” (p. xiv–xv). The current study brings new understanding to the concept of grievability by exploring the symbolically violent de‐transitioning of trans people after their deaths. The aim of this exploratory study was to examine the thoughts and attitudes of older trans people (40 y. o. plus) with regard to the phenomenon of nonconsensual de‐transitioning after death and the expectations they have regarding the expression of their own identity after death. The wishes of the participants were grouped into four outcome categories: hoping to be memorialized only as their lived identity (25%); only as their identity‐assigned‐at‐birth (6%); as both identities combined (44%); and those who claimed that they did not care how their identity was memorialized (25%). Our findings serve to emphasize the importance of open and honest end‐of‐life communication as well as to underscore the diverse nature of the transgender population and the complexity of the transgender identity.

中文翻译：

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克服苦难：跨性别者对死亡后身份的期望

巴特勒（car可危的生活：哀悼和暴力的力量。英国伦敦：Versa；（2004年）观察到9/11之后的文化变迁，并建议，在悲惨生活和悲惨生活中，社会权力结构“产生并维持对谁是规范人的某些排斥观念”（第十四至十五页）。当前的研究通过探索跨性别者死亡后象征性的暴力过渡，为可悲性概念带来了新的理解。这项探索性研究的目的是研究老年人（40岁以上）对跨性别人死亡后的非自愿性转变现象以及他们对死亡后自己的身份表达的期望的想法和态度。参与者的愿望分为四个结果类别：希望仅以其真实身份被纪念（25％）；仅作为其出生时的身份分配（6％）；两种身份加在一起（44％）；声称自己不在乎自己的身份如何被纪念的人（25％）。我们的发现有助于强调开放和诚实的生命终结交流的重要性，并强调变性人群的多样性和变性身份的复杂性。