The territorial growth and capitalist development of the United States that began in the late eighteenth century entailed ‐‐ among other things ‐‐ a massive expansion of agriculture that continued until the 1920s. Though based on private, freehold property in land there was no single pattern to this agrarian growth or to agriculture's integration into national and global flows of commodities, finance, and labor. Slave and non‐slave systems expanded in parallel until 1860, but even the destruction of slavery during the Civil War and the subsequent emergence of industrial and finance capitalism did not impose uniformity on American agriculture or undermine independent, household‐based farming.

中文翻译：

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农村资本主义的面孔

始于18世纪末的美国领土发展和资本主义发展尤其是农业的大规模扩张一直持续到1920年代。尽管以土地上的私有永久业权财产为基础，但这种农业增长或农业融入国家和全球商品，金融和劳动力流动并没有单一的模式。奴隶制和非奴隶制并行发展，直到1860年，但是即使在内战期间奴隶制遭到破坏，以及随后出现的工业和金融资本主义，也没有给美国农业带来统一性或破坏独立的家庭式农业。