Background Extensive and indiscriminate use of pesticides gradually destroys the environment (ecosystem), poses serious threats to human health, animal life (especially aquatic), plant forms, soil, water, and also lead to emergence of resilient species of life forms that are becoming resistant to pesticides. The present study focused on evaluating lambda-cyhalothrin oxidative stress and gonad histoarchitecture toxicity potency in Clarias gariepinus . Results A total of 120 C. gariepinus 16 to 40 cm SL and 200 to 250 g bodyweights (assigned into treatments 0.00 (control), 2.5 × 10 −4 μg/L, 5.0 × 10 −4 μg/L, and 6.25×10 −4 μg/L (A-D) lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT), each treatment consisted of 30 fishes, replicated three times, 10 fishes per replicate) were used for this study. On day 7, catalase activity (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) significantly increased ( p < 0.05) in all treatments compared with control. Day 14, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and GPx significantly increased ( p < 0.05). All parameters significantly increased ( p < 0.05) on days 21 and 28 except SOD (day 21). All parameters increased significantly on day 28 across the row in all treatments. The significant increase ( p < 0.05) in SOD, (malondialdehyde) MDA, GPx, and glutathione reductase (GR) levels returned to normal after 7 days of depuration but CAT level did not return to normal. The testes photomicrographs showed necrotic conditions in the spermatogenic cells with nuclear pyknosis and cytoplasmic swelling while that of the ovary displayed vacuolations, flabby oocytes, and degenerated ovaries changes. Conclusion Lambda-cyhalothrin is toxic to C. gariepinus. The inability of significant increase in CAT to return to normal after 7 days of depuration further confirms our report.

中文翻译：

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λ-三氯氟氰菊酯氧化应激和性腺组织结构毒性效力的评价在 Clarias gariepinus 中

背景 大量滥用农药逐渐破坏环境（生态系统），对人类健康、动物生命（尤其是水生动物）、植物形态、土壤、水体构成严重威胁，并导致出现具有韧性的生命形态物种，这些物种正在成为对杀虫剂有抗药性。本研究的重点是在 Clarias gariepinus 中评估 λ-三氯氟氰菊酯氧化应激和性腺组织结构毒性效力。结果 总共 120 C. gariepinus 16 至 40 cm SL 和 200 至 250 g 体重（分配到处理 0.00（对照）、2.5 × 10 -4 μg/L、5.0 × 10 -4 μg/L 和 6.25×10 -4 μg/L (AD) λ-三氯氟氰菊酯 (LCT)，每个处理由 30 条鱼组成，重复 3 次，每个重复 10 条鱼）用于本研究。第 7 天，与对照相比，所有处理中过氧化氢酶活性 (CAT) 和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GPx) 显着增加 (p < 0.05)。第 14 天，超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 和 GPx 显着增加（p < 0.05）。除 SOD（第 21 天）外，所有参数在第 21 天和第 28 天都显着增加（p < 0.05）。在所有处理中，所有参数在第 28 天的行中均显着增加。净化 7 天后，SOD、（丙二醛）MDA、GPx 和谷胱甘肽还原酶 (GR) 水平显着增加 (p < 0.05)，但 CAT 水平没有恢复正常。睾丸显微照片显示生精细胞坏死，核固缩，细胞质肿胀，而卵巢则显示空泡化，卵母细胞松弛，卵巢退化改变。结论三氯氟氰菊酯对加里松有毒。净化 7 天后 CAT 的显着增加无法恢复正常，这进一步证实了我们的报告。