This article demonstrates the implementation of 80- and 160-GHz four-channel radar sensors employing the modular scalable platform based on a single relaxed 40-GHz local oscillator and cascadable transceiver chips. The first two channels synthesize $2 \times 2$ multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) radar at 80 GHz with onboard $8 \times 1$ patch arrays for enhanced angular resolution, whereas the other two channels employ 160-GHz system-on-chip transceivers with integrated wideband 6-dBi micromachined on-chip antennas for enhanced range resolution. Configurable modulators in each transceiver offer ranging, direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation, velocity/vibrations measurement, and data communication applications. Frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) is demonstrated with 4-/8-GHz sweep bandwidth at 80/160 GHz corresponding to 3.75-/1.875-cm range resolution. Chirp-sequence FMCW is employed to measure the heartbeat rate of a human, and 78 bpm is measured with 0.06-Hz Doppler resolution. Mechanical vibration rate from a loudspeaker is measured using the CW radar technique, whereas phase-modulated continuous wave is employed for distant selective vibrations measurement. Time-division multiplexing MIMO radar is configured at 80 GHz in a multitarget scenario for DoA estimation, and the targets are distinguished with 25° effective angular resolution. Frequency-division multiplexing MIMO radar technique is demonstrated based on $\Delta \Sigma $ -modulation and binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulators. Furthermore, the 10-Mb/s BPSK data communication link is evaluated at 80 GHz with a 20-dB signal-to-noise ratio at 1 m. The 160-GHz vector modulators offer additional modulations.

中文翻译：

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多模 W 波段和 D 波段 MIMO 可扩展雷达平台

本文演示了 80-GHz 和 160-GHz 四通道雷达传感器的实现，该传感器采用基于单个宽松 40-GHz 本地振荡器和级联收发器芯片的模块化可扩展平台。前两个通道合成 $2 \times 2$ 80 GHz 多输入多输出 (MIMO) 雷达，带板载 $8 \times 1$ 用于增强角分辨率的贴片阵列，而其他两个通道则采用 160 GHz 片上系统收发器，其中集成了宽带 6 dBi 微机械片上天线以增强距离分辨率。每个收发器中的可配置调制器提供测距、到达方向 (DoA) 估计、速度/振动测量和数据通信应用。频率调制连续波 (FMCW) 在 80/160 GHz 下具有 4-/8-GHz 扫描带宽，对应于 3.75-/1.875-cm 距离分辨率。啁啾序列 FMCW 用于测量人类的心跳率，78 bpm 以 0.06-Hz 多普勒分辨率测量。扬声器的机械振动率使用 CW 雷达技术测量，而相位调制连续波则用于远程选择性振动测量。时分复用 MIMO 雷达配置为 80 GHz，用于 DoA 估计的多目标场景，以 25° 有效角分辨率区分目标。频分复用MIMO雷达技术演示基于 $\Delta \Sigma $ -调制和二进制相移键控 (BPSK) 调制器。此外，10-Mb/s BPSK 数据通信链路在 80 GHz 下进行评估，1 m 处的信噪比为 20-dB。160-GHz 矢量调制器提供额外的调制。